Extreme Fear, Shyness, and Social Phobia

I. THE PHENOMENA AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDHOOD SHYNESS AND FEAR: CONCEPTUAL AND BIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS. 1. The concept of behavioral inhibition, Jerome Kagan. 2. Individual differences in childhood shyness: Distinguishing fearful and self-conscious shyness, W. Raymond Crozier. 3. Attachment, temperament, and adrenocortical function in infancy, Kathy Stansbury. 4. Socially-anxious "Jack," socially-avoidant "Jill": Conceptual, biological, and behavioral distinctions among different categories of shy children, Louis A. Schmidt and Nathan A. Fox. 5. Behavioral inhibition and the emotional circuitry of the brain: Stability and plasticity during the early childhood years, Richard J. Davidson and Maureen Rickman. Commentary: Mary K. Rothbart. II. ENDOCRINE AND NEURAL BASIS OF FEAR: IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING EXTREME SHYNESS AND DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME. 6. Neural mechanisms and the development of individual differences in behavioral inhibition, Lorey K. Takahashi and Ned H. Kalin. 7. Neural circuits underlying fear, Karim Nader and Joseph E. LeDoux. 8. Neuroendocrine regulation of fear and anxiety, Jay Shulkin and Jeffrey B. Rosen. 9. Life-long effects of hormones on brain development: Relation to healh and disease, Bruce S. McEwen. Commentary: George P. Chrousos and Philip W. Gold. III. DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES AND CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES. 10. Varieties of shyness in adolescence and adulthood, Jonathan M. Cheek and Elena Krasnoperova. 11. The natural course of shyness and related syndromes, Deborah C. Biedel and Samuel M. Turner. 12. High sensitivity as one source of fearfulness and shyness: Preliminary research and clinical implications, Elaine N. Aron. 13. Extreme fear and shyness: treatment and intervention, Franklin R. Schneier. Commentary: Lynne Hendersen and Philip G. Zimbardo