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Assignment CNS 7a
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Assignment Dr. Aidi 7a.
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- Name: Mohamad Hafiz
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Mohamad Hafiz Abd Rahim
1. Reason out the following: Reciprocal inhibition circuit prevents overactivity of the brain.
To avoid the abnormally high sensitivity that could lead to almost continuous
muscle cramps, convulsion, psychotic disturbances, hallucinations, tension, and
other nervous disorder
To adjust the sensitivity in each circuit to almost the exact level required for
proper functions
2. Why is it important for a signal to be prolonged? Give examples of appropriate situations.
The prolongation is important in order to regulate the alertness or sensitivity of the
neuronal impulse and also help the organ to detect the impulse and give feedback to the
impulse.
The example is excitatory signal from a neuron in the spinal cord causing forward
movement of a leg whereas inhibitory signal through separate neurons to back muscles
leg not to oppose the forward movement.
3. Describe the mechanisms involved in prolongation of the signal.
a) Synaptic after discharge
When an excitatory synapse discharges on the surfaces of dendrites or soma, a
postsynaptic potential develops last longer because of the long-acting synaptic
transmitters.
As long the potential last, it will continue to excite the neuron to transmit a continuous
train of output impulses.
Therefore, single instantaneous input can cause a sustained signal output, a series of
repetitive discharges that lasting for many milliseconds.
b) Reverberatory (Oscillatory) circuit
It caused by positive feedback within the neuronal network.
The output of a neuronal circuit feeds back to re-excite the input of the same circuit.
Once stimulated, the circuit discharges repetitively for a long time.
1. Reason out the following: Reciprocal inhibition circuit prevents overactivity of the brain.
To avoid the abnormally high sensitivity that could lead to almost continuous
muscle cramps, convulsion, psychotic disturbances, hallucinations, tension, and
other nervous disorder
To adjust the sensitivity in each circuit to almost the exact level required for
proper functions
2. Why is it important for a signal to be prolonged? Give examples of appropriate situations.
The prolongation is important in order to regulate the alertness or sensitivity of the
neuronal impulse and also help the organ to detect the impulse and give feedback to the
impulse.
The example is excitatory signal from a neuron in the spinal cord causing forward
movement of a leg whereas inhibitory signal through separate neurons to back muscles
leg not to oppose the forward movement.
3. Describe the mechanisms involved in prolongation of the signal.
a) Synaptic after discharge
When an excitatory synapse discharges on the surfaces of dendrites or soma, a
postsynaptic potential develops last longer because of the long-acting synaptic
transmitters.
As long the potential last, it will continue to excite the neuron to transmit a continuous
train of output impulses.
Therefore, single instantaneous input can cause a sustained signal output, a series of
repetitive discharges that lasting for many milliseconds.
b) Reverberatory (Oscillatory) circuit
It caused by positive feedback within the neuronal network.
The output of a neuronal circuit feeds back to re-excite the input of the same circuit.
Once stimulated, the circuit discharges repetitively for a long time.
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