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Defination:- Microcontrol er can be termed as a single on chip computer
which includes number of peripherals like RAM, EEPROM, Timers etc.,
required to perform some predefined task.
The computer on one hand is designed to perform al the general purpose
tasks on a single machine like you can use a computer to run a software to
perform calculations or you can use a computer to store some multimedia
file or to access internet through the browser, whereas the microcontrol ers
are meant to perform only the specific tasks, for e.g., switching the AC off
automatical y when room temperature drops to a certain defined limit and
again turning it ON when temperature rises above the defined limit.
History of AVR:-AVR was developed in the year 1996 by Atmel
Corporation. The architecture of AVR was developed by Alf-Egil Bogen and
Vegard Wol an. AVR derives its name from its developers and stands for
Alf-Egil Bogen Vegard Wol an RISC microcontrol er, also known as
Advanced Virtual RISC.
AVR microcontrol ers are available in three categories:
1. TinyAVR - Less memory, smal size, suitable only for simpler applications
2. MegaAVR - These are the most popular ones having good amount of
memory (upto 256 KB), higher number of inbuilt peripherals and suitable for
moderate to complex applications.
3. megaAVR - Used commercial y for complex applications, which require
large program memory and high speed.
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