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Biography of President Saddam Hussein, President of the Republic of Iraq
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President of the Republic of Iraq
Personal:
• Born on April 28, 1937, in Tikrit, the seat of the Saladdin Province where he finished
his primary school.
• Married with five children: two boys and three girls.
Academic:
• Escaped to Syria and thence to Egypt where he completed his secondary school
studies in 1962.
• Admitted into the College of Law in Cairo and attended in the period 1962-1963.
• Having completed his third and fourth year of studies, following the July 17th
Revolution, he obtained a graduate degree from the College of Law.
• On February 1, 1976, he was awarded a Master of Art Honors Degree in Military
Science together with the Staff Degree.
• In 1984, the University of Baghdad awarded him Honorary Doctorate in Law.
Political Career:
• Joined the Arab Baath Socialist Party (A.B.S.P) in 1956
• Arrested and imprisoned for six months, while he was a secondary school student,
over the years 1958 and 1959 for his political activities against the regime at the
time. He took part in the revolutionary operation against the dictator Abdul-
Karim Qassim who was Prime Minister in 1959. The operation resulted in the
dictator receiving several shots. Saddam Hussein was wounded in the leg as a
result a shot fired from a bodyguard.
• Sentenced to death in absentia on February 25, 1960.
• Returned to Iraq after the 14th of Ramadhan Revolution (February 8) 1963.
• Discontinued his studies at the college, when in 1963 he had to return to Baghdad to
lead the revolutionary struggle against the reactionary draconian regime that
had previously toppled the Baath Government.
• He was not spared by the round-up campaign waged by the authorities that began on
September 4, 1964. He was arrested on October 14, 1963, with charges relating
to his leadership of the Baath Party's struggle against the backward regime.
• While he was under arrest, he completed and passed his first year studies at the
College of Law.
• Elected as member of the Baath Party's Pan-Arab National Leadership in 1965 while
still under arrest.
• In September 1966, he was elected Deputy-Secretary General of the Baath Party
Leadership in Iraq.
• Escaped from prison in 1967, to resume the leadership of the Baath Party struggle. He
was once again obliged to discontinue his studies because he was chased by the
secret police.
• On July 17,1968, mounting the first tank that besieged the headquarter (the
Presidential Palace) of the head of the regime, he led a group of Party members
that forced their way into the palace in order to overthrow the reactionary
regime. Saddam Hussein played a leading and key role in planning and then
carrying out the Revolution that day.
• On July 30, 1968, he was personally in charge of a swift operation to purge the new
government of the July 17 Revolution of certain of the old regime's figures, who
for purely tactical reasons, cooperated with the Baath Party revolutionaries.
• He all but officially undertook the role of Vice-Chairman of the Revolutionary
Command Council as early as July 1968; but was constitutionally elected for the
post of Vice-Chairman on November 9, 1969.
• On June 1, 1972, he led the process of nationalizing Western oil companies that had
the monopoly of Iraq's oil.
• On July 1, 1974, he was dubbed the rank of Lieutenant General and awarded the
Rafidain Order, First Class (of Military type).
• He played a principle role in formulating and implementing the Autonomy Law for
the Kurdish citizens on March 11, 1974.
• On October 8, 1977, he was elected Assistant Secretary General of the National Pan-
Arab Leadership of the Baath Party.
Presidential Career:
• On July 16, 1979, he was elected Secretary General of the Regional Leadership of the
Baath Party in Iraq, Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council, and
President of the Republic of Iraq.
• On July 17, 1979, President Saddam Hussein was promoted to the rank of Field
Marshal.
• On October 8, 1979, he was elected Deputy Secretary General of the National Pan-
Arab Leadership of the Baath Party.
• On September 4, 1980, President Saddam Hussein led the Iraqi people and the Army
wisely and bravely against the aggression initiated and launched against Iraq by
Ayatollah Khomeini's regime. The war ended in Iraq's great victory on August
8, 1988.
• On July 30, 1983, he was dubbed the Revolution Order First Class.
• On April 28, 1988, he was dubbed the Order of the people.
• President Saddam Hussein actively led the modernization of the Iraq economy, urging
the construction of various developed industries and following their
administration and execution. He also supervised the modernization of Iraq's
countryside, the mechanization of agriculture, and the distribution of land to
farmers. He effected a comprehensive revolution in energy industries as well as
in public services such as transportation and education. He also initiated and led
the National Campaign for the Eradication of Illiteracy and the implementation
of Compulsory and Free Education in Iraq.
• Led his country in confronting the aggression launched by 33 countries led by the US
that waged war against Iraq. The Iraqis' confrontation that is called by Arabs
and Iraqis 'The Mother of all Battles' (Um Al-Maarik), is where Iraq stood
strong against the invasion, maintaining its sovereignty and political system.
Published Works:
President Saddam Hussein has published several works in the intellectual, political,
economic, military, social, and educational fields. They are available in translation from
Arabic in the basic world languages.
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