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Broadcast Engineer’s Handbook: A collection of useful reference data for TV broadcasting engineers
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BROADCAST ENGINEER’S HANDBOOK
A collection of useful reference data
for TV broadcasting engineers
© ABE Elettronica S.p.A. Oct. 1999
ABE ELETTRONICA S.p.A.
Via Leonardo da Vinci, 92 - 24043 CARAVAGGIO (BG), Italy
Tel. +39-0363-351007, Fax +39-0363-50756
WEB SITE: http://www.abe.it E-mail: mail@abe.it
Page 1
INDEX
Page
VHF Channel definitions ....................................................................................................................... 3
UHF Channel definitions ..................................................................................................................... 10
Basic standards for TV transmission ............................................................................................ 15
Minimum field strength for which protection may be sought
in planning a television service ....................................................................................................... 17
Boundaries of the television service area
in rural districts having a low population density .................................................................... 18
CO-Channel interference .................................................................................................................... 19
Frequency offset conditions ............................................................................................................. 21
Directivity of antennas in the reception of television broadcasting ................................. 24
Microwave radiation exposure - principal safety standards ................................................ 25
Coaxial cables ......................................................................................................................................... 27
Wave guides ............................................................................................................................................. 28
TV analogue microwave links ........................................................................................................... 29
VSWR vs. Return loss (dB) ................................................................................................................ 30
Half wave dipole vs. isotropic dipole ............................................................................................. 30
Relationship between dBm, W, dBmV, V ..................................................................................... 31
Cable size vs. maximum current ..................................................................................................... 32
Conversion factors ................................................................................................................................ 33
Useful formulae ...................................................................................................................................... 35
Useful RF calculation ........................................................................................................................... 37
The material contained in this handbook has been collected from a number of sources.
ABE Elettronica S.p.A. accepts no responsability for errors or omissions.
Page 2
VHF Channel definitions
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard B (7 Mhz), Australia
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
0
45 to 52
46.25
51.75
I
1
56 to 63
57.25
62.75
2
63 to 70
64.25
69.75
3
85 to 92
86.25
91.75
(II)
4
94 to 101
95.25
100.75
5
101 to 108
102.25
107.75
5A
137 to 144
138.25
143.25
6
174 to 181
175.25
180.75
7
181 to 188
182.25
187.75
III
8
188 to 195
189.25
194.75
9
195 to 202
196.25
201.75
10
208 to 215
209.25
214.75
11
215 to 222
216.25
221.75
Standard B (7 Mhz), Europe
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
E 2
47 to 54
48.25
53.75
I
E 3
54 to 61
55.25
60.75
E 4
61 to 68
62.25
67.75
E 5
174 to 181
175.25
180.75
E 6
181 to 188
182.25
187.75
E 7
188 to 195
189.25
194.75
III
E 8
195 to 202
196.25
201.75
E 9
202 to 209
203.25
208.75
E 10
209 to 216
210.25
215.75
E 11
216 to 223
217.25
222.75
E 12
223 to 230
224.25
229.75
Page 3
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard B (7 Mhz), Europe
Special cable TV channels (CATV)
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
S 2
113 to 123
digital sound
S 3
113 to 123
broadcasting
S 4
125 to 132
126.25
131.75
<III
S 5
132 to 139
133.25
138.75
Su
S 6
139 to 146
140.25
145.75
lower
S 7
146 to 153
147.25
152.75
ATV
S 8
153 to 160
154.25
159.75
bands
S 9
160 to 167
161.25
166.75
S 10
167 to 174
168.25
173.75
S 11
230 to 237
231.25
236.75
S 12
237 to 244
238.25
243.75
S 13
244 to 251
245.25
250.75
S 14
251 to 258
252.25
257.75
>III
S 15
258 to 265
259.25
264.75
So
S 16
265 to 272
266.25
271.75
upper
S 17
272 to 279
273.25
278.75
ATV
S 18
279 to 286
280.25
285.25
bands
S 19
286 to 293
287.25
292.75
S 20
293 to 300
294.25
299.75
Standard B (7 Mhz), Italy
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
I
A
52.5 to 59.5
53.75
59.25
B
61 to 68
62.25
67.75
(II)
C
81 to 88
82.25
87.75
D
174 to 181
175.25
180.75
E
182.5 to 189.5
183.75
189.25
F
191 to 198
192.25
197.75
(III)
G
200 to 207
201.25
206.75
H
209 to 216
210.25
215.75
H1
216 to 223
217.25
222.75
H2
223 to 230
224.25
229.75
Page 4
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard B (7 Mhz), Marocco
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
M 4
162 to 169
163.25
168.75
M 5
170 to 177
171.25
176.75
M 6
178 to 185
179.25
184.75
III
M 7
186 to 193
187.25
192.75
M 8
194 to 201
195.25
200.75
M 9
202 to 209
203.25
208.75
M 10
210 to 217
211.25
216.75
Standard B (7 Mhz), New Zealand
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
1
44 to 51
45.25
50.75
I
2
54 to 61
55.25
60.75
3
61 to 68
62.25
67.75
4
174 to 181
175.25
180.75
5
181 to 188
182.25
187.75
6
188 to 195
189.25
194.75
III
7
195 to 202
196.25
201.75
8
202 to 209
203.25
208.75
9
209 to 216
210.25
215.75
10
216 to 223
217.25
222.75
Standard D (8 Mhz), China (Peoples Rep.)
IF
-
31.25 to 39.25
38.0
31.5
1
48.5 to 56.5
49.75
56.25
2
56.5 to 64.5
57.75
64.25
I
3
64.5 to 72.5
65.75
72.25
4
76.0 to 84.0
77.25
83.75
5
84.0 to 92.0
85.25
91.75
6
167 to 175
168.25
174.75
7
175 to 183
176.25
182.75
8
183 to 191
184.25
190.75
III
9
191 to 199
192.25
198.75
10
199 to 207
200.25
206.75
11
207 to 215
208.25
214.75
Page 5
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard D (8 Mhz), China (Peoples Rep.)
12
215 to 223
216.25
222.75
Standard D (8 Mhz), OIRT
IF*
-
32.15 to 40.15
38.9
32.4
*UdSSR: 31.25 to 39.25/38.0/31.5 Mhz
R I
48.5 to 56.5
49.75
56.25
I
R II
58 to 66
59.25
65.75
R III
76 to 84
77.25
83.75
(II)
R IV
84 to 92
85.25
91.75
R V
92 to 100
93.25
99.75
R VI
174 to 182
175.25
181.75
R VII
182 to 190
183.25
189.75
R VIII
190 to 198
191.25
197.75
III
R IX
198 to 206
199.25
205.75
R X
206 to 214
207.25
213.75
R XI
214 to 222
215.25
221.75
R XII
222 to 230
223.25
229.75
Standard I (8 Mhz), Ireland
IF
-
32.15 to 40.15
38.9*
32.9*
*Gr.-Brit. Also 39.5 and 33.5 Mhz resp.
I A
44.5 to 52.5
45.75
51.75
I
I B
52.5 to 60.5
53.75
59.75
I C
60.5 to 68.5
61.75
67.75
I D
174 to 182
175.25
181.25
I E
182 to 190
183.25
189.25
III
I F
190 to 198
191.25
197.75
I G
198 to 206
199.25
205.25
I H
206 to 214
207.25
213.25
I J
214 to 222
215.25
221.25
Page 6
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard I (8 Mhz), South Africa
IF
-
32.15 to 40.15
38.9
32.9
4
174 to 182
175.25
181.25
5
182 to 190
183.25
189.25
6
190 to 198
191.25
197.25
7
198 to 206
199.25
205.25
III
8
206 to 214
207.25
213.25
9
214 to 222
215.25
221.25
10
222 to 230
223.25
229.25
11
230 to 238
231.25
237.25
(12)
238 to 246
not defined
13
246 to 254
247.43
253.43
Standard K1 (8 Mhz)
French Overseas Post and Telecommunication Agency
IF
-
31.45 to 39.45
32.7
39.2*
*Also 38.9 or 32.7 Mhz
4
174 to 182
175.25
181.75
5
182 to 190
183.25
189.75
III
6
190 to 198
191.25
197.75
7
198 to 206
199.25
205.75
8
206 to 214
207.25
213.75
9
214 to 222
215.25
221.75
Standard L (8 Mhz), France
IF
-
31.45 to 39.45
32.7
39.2*
*Also 38.9 or 32.7 Mhz
A
41 to 49
47.75
41.25
I
B
49 to 57
55.75
49.25
C
57 to 65
63.75
57.25
C 1
53.75 to 61.75
60.50
54.00
Page 7
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard L (8 Mhz), France
1
174.75 to 182.75
176.0
182.50
2
182.75 to 190.75
184.0
190.50
3
190.75 to 198.75
192.0
198.50
III
4
198.75 to 206.75
200.0
206.50
5
206.75 to 214.75
208.0
214.50
6
214.75 to 222.75
216.0
222.50
Standard M (6 Mhz), Japan
IF
-
41.0 to 47.0
38.9
41.25
J 1
90 to 96
91.25
95.75
(II)
J 2
96 to 102
97.25
101.75
J 3
102 to 108
103.25
107.75
J 4
170 to 176
171.25
175.75
J 5
176 to 182
177.25
181.75
J 6
182 to 188
183.25
187.75
J 7
188 to 194
189.25
193.75
Channel spacing 4 Mhz
III
J 8
192 to 198
193.25
197.75
Channel spacing 4 Mhz
J 9
198 to 204
199.25
203.75
J 10
204 to 210
205.25
209.75
J 11
210 to 216
211.25
215.75
J 12
216 to 222
217.25
221.75
Standard M,N (6 Mhz), USA
IF
-
41.0 to 47.0
45.75
41.25
A 02
54 to 60
55.25
59.75
A 03
60 to 66
61.25
65.75
I
A 04
66 to 72
67.25
71.75
A 05
76 to 82
77.25
81.75
A 06
82 to 88
83.25
87.75
Page 8
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard M,N (6 Mhz), USA
A 07
174 to 180
175.25
179.75
A 08
180 to 186
181.25
185.75
A 09
186 to 192
187.25
191.75
III
A 10
192 to 198
193.25
197.75
A 11
198 to 204
199.25
203.75
A 12
204 to 210
205.25
209.75
A 13
210 to 216
211.25
215.75
Page 9
UHF Channel definitions
CHANNEL
VISION
SOUND CARRIER
BAND
CHANNEL
LIMITS MHZ
CARRIER
MHZ
EU
Chi
G,H
I
K,L
Standards G,H,I,K,L (CCIR standards;8 Mhz)
IF
-
-
same of VHF for corrisponding country
21
13
470 to 478
471.25
476.25
477.25
477.75
22
14
478 to 486
479.25
484.75
485.25
485.75
23
15
486 to 494
487.25
492.75
493.25
493.75
24
16
494 to 502
495.25
500.75
501.25
501.75
25
17
502 to 510
503.25
508.75
509.25
509.75
26
18
510 to 518
511.25
516.75
517.25
517.75
27
19
518 to 526
519.25
524.75
525.25
525.75
28
20
526 to 534
527.25
532.75
533.25
533.75
IV
29
21
534 to 542
535.25
540.75
541.25
541.75
30
22
542 to 550
543.25
548.75
549.25
549.75
31
23
550 to 558
551.25
556.75
557.25
557.75
32
24
558 to 566
559.25
564.75
565.25
565.75
33
|
566 to 574
567.25
572.75
573.25
573.75
34
not
574 to 582
575.25
580.75
581.25
581.75
35
defi
582 to 590
583.25
588.75
589.25
589.75
36
ned
590 to 598
591.25
596.75
597.25
597.75
37
|
598 to 606
599.25
604.75
605.25
605.75
38
25
606 to 614
607.25
612.75
613.25
613.75
39
26
614 to 622
615.25
620.75
621.25
621.75
40
27
622 to 630
623.25
628.75
629.25
629.75
41
28
630 to 638
631.25
636.75
637.25
637.75
42
29
638 to 646
639.25
644.75
645.25
645.75
43
30
646 to 654
647.25
652.75
653.25
653.75
V
44
31
654 to 662
655.25
660.75
661.25
661.75
45
32
662 to 670
663.25
668.75
669.25
669.75
46
33
670 to 678
671.25
676.75
677.25
677.75
47
34
678 to 686
679.25
684.75
685.25
685.75
48
35
686 to 694
687.25
692.75
693.25
693.75
49
36
694 to 702
695.25
700.75
701.25
701.75
Page 10
A collection of useful reference data
for TV broadcasting engineers
© ABE Elettronica S.p.A. Oct. 1999
ABE ELETTRONICA S.p.A.
Via Leonardo da Vinci, 92 - 24043 CARAVAGGIO (BG), Italy
Tel. +39-0363-351007, Fax +39-0363-50756
WEB SITE: http://www.abe.it E-mail: mail@abe.it
Page 1
INDEX
Page
VHF Channel definitions ....................................................................................................................... 3
UHF Channel definitions ..................................................................................................................... 10
Basic standards for TV transmission ............................................................................................ 15
Minimum field strength for which protection may be sought
in planning a television service ....................................................................................................... 17
Boundaries of the television service area
in rural districts having a low population density .................................................................... 18
CO-Channel interference .................................................................................................................... 19
Frequency offset conditions ............................................................................................................. 21
Directivity of antennas in the reception of television broadcasting ................................. 24
Microwave radiation exposure - principal safety standards ................................................ 25
Coaxial cables ......................................................................................................................................... 27
Wave guides ............................................................................................................................................. 28
TV analogue microwave links ........................................................................................................... 29
VSWR vs. Return loss (dB) ................................................................................................................ 30
Half wave dipole vs. isotropic dipole ............................................................................................. 30
Relationship between dBm, W, dBmV, V ..................................................................................... 31
Cable size vs. maximum current ..................................................................................................... 32
Conversion factors ................................................................................................................................ 33
Useful formulae ...................................................................................................................................... 35
Useful RF calculation ........................................................................................................................... 37
The material contained in this handbook has been collected from a number of sources.
ABE Elettronica S.p.A. accepts no responsability for errors or omissions.
Page 2
VHF Channel definitions
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard B (7 Mhz), Australia
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
0
45 to 52
46.25
51.75
I
1
56 to 63
57.25
62.75
2
63 to 70
64.25
69.75
3
85 to 92
86.25
91.75
(II)
4
94 to 101
95.25
100.75
5
101 to 108
102.25
107.75
5A
137 to 144
138.25
143.25
6
174 to 181
175.25
180.75
7
181 to 188
182.25
187.75
III
8
188 to 195
189.25
194.75
9
195 to 202
196.25
201.75
10
208 to 215
209.25
214.75
11
215 to 222
216.25
221.75
Standard B (7 Mhz), Europe
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
E 2
47 to 54
48.25
53.75
I
E 3
54 to 61
55.25
60.75
E 4
61 to 68
62.25
67.75
E 5
174 to 181
175.25
180.75
E 6
181 to 188
182.25
187.75
E 7
188 to 195
189.25
194.75
III
E 8
195 to 202
196.25
201.75
E 9
202 to 209
203.25
208.75
E 10
209 to 216
210.25
215.75
E 11
216 to 223
217.25
222.75
E 12
223 to 230
224.25
229.75
Page 3
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard B (7 Mhz), Europe
Special cable TV channels (CATV)
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
S 2
113 to 123
digital sound
S 3
113 to 123
broadcasting
S 4
125 to 132
126.25
131.75
<III
S 5
132 to 139
133.25
138.75
Su
S 6
139 to 146
140.25
145.75
lower
S 7
146 to 153
147.25
152.75
ATV
S 8
153 to 160
154.25
159.75
bands
S 9
160 to 167
161.25
166.75
S 10
167 to 174
168.25
173.75
S 11
230 to 237
231.25
236.75
S 12
237 to 244
238.25
243.75
S 13
244 to 251
245.25
250.75
S 14
251 to 258
252.25
257.75
>III
S 15
258 to 265
259.25
264.75
So
S 16
265 to 272
266.25
271.75
upper
S 17
272 to 279
273.25
278.75
ATV
S 18
279 to 286
280.25
285.25
bands
S 19
286 to 293
287.25
292.75
S 20
293 to 300
294.25
299.75
Standard B (7 Mhz), Italy
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
I
A
52.5 to 59.5
53.75
59.25
B
61 to 68
62.25
67.75
(II)
C
81 to 88
82.25
87.75
D
174 to 181
175.25
180.75
E
182.5 to 189.5
183.75
189.25
F
191 to 198
192.25
197.75
(III)
G
200 to 207
201.25
206.75
H
209 to 216
210.25
215.75
H1
216 to 223
217.25
222.75
H2
223 to 230
224.25
229.75
Page 4
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard B (7 Mhz), Marocco
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
M 4
162 to 169
163.25
168.75
M 5
170 to 177
171.25
176.75
M 6
178 to 185
179.25
184.75
III
M 7
186 to 193
187.25
192.75
M 8
194 to 201
195.25
200.75
M 9
202 to 209
203.25
208.75
M 10
210 to 217
211.25
216.75
Standard B (7 Mhz), New Zealand
IF
-
33.15 to 40.15
38.9
33.4
1
44 to 51
45.25
50.75
I
2
54 to 61
55.25
60.75
3
61 to 68
62.25
67.75
4
174 to 181
175.25
180.75
5
181 to 188
182.25
187.75
6
188 to 195
189.25
194.75
III
7
195 to 202
196.25
201.75
8
202 to 209
203.25
208.75
9
209 to 216
210.25
215.75
10
216 to 223
217.25
222.75
Standard D (8 Mhz), China (Peoples Rep.)
IF
-
31.25 to 39.25
38.0
31.5
1
48.5 to 56.5
49.75
56.25
2
56.5 to 64.5
57.75
64.25
I
3
64.5 to 72.5
65.75
72.25
4
76.0 to 84.0
77.25
83.75
5
84.0 to 92.0
85.25
91.75
6
167 to 175
168.25
174.75
7
175 to 183
176.25
182.75
8
183 to 191
184.25
190.75
III
9
191 to 199
192.25
198.75
10
199 to 207
200.25
206.75
11
207 to 215
208.25
214.75
Page 5
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard D (8 Mhz), China (Peoples Rep.)
12
215 to 223
216.25
222.75
Standard D (8 Mhz), OIRT
IF*
-
32.15 to 40.15
38.9
32.4
*UdSSR: 31.25 to 39.25/38.0/31.5 Mhz
R I
48.5 to 56.5
49.75
56.25
I
R II
58 to 66
59.25
65.75
R III
76 to 84
77.25
83.75
(II)
R IV
84 to 92
85.25
91.75
R V
92 to 100
93.25
99.75
R VI
174 to 182
175.25
181.75
R VII
182 to 190
183.25
189.75
R VIII
190 to 198
191.25
197.75
III
R IX
198 to 206
199.25
205.75
R X
206 to 214
207.25
213.75
R XI
214 to 222
215.25
221.75
R XII
222 to 230
223.25
229.75
Standard I (8 Mhz), Ireland
IF
-
32.15 to 40.15
38.9*
32.9*
*Gr.-Brit. Also 39.5 and 33.5 Mhz resp.
I A
44.5 to 52.5
45.75
51.75
I
I B
52.5 to 60.5
53.75
59.75
I C
60.5 to 68.5
61.75
67.75
I D
174 to 182
175.25
181.25
I E
182 to 190
183.25
189.25
III
I F
190 to 198
191.25
197.75
I G
198 to 206
199.25
205.25
I H
206 to 214
207.25
213.25
I J
214 to 222
215.25
221.25
Page 6
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard I (8 Mhz), South Africa
IF
-
32.15 to 40.15
38.9
32.9
4
174 to 182
175.25
181.25
5
182 to 190
183.25
189.25
6
190 to 198
191.25
197.25
7
198 to 206
199.25
205.25
III
8
206 to 214
207.25
213.25
9
214 to 222
215.25
221.25
10
222 to 230
223.25
229.25
11
230 to 238
231.25
237.25
(12)
238 to 246
not defined
13
246 to 254
247.43
253.43
Standard K1 (8 Mhz)
French Overseas Post and Telecommunication Agency
IF
-
31.45 to 39.45
32.7
39.2*
*Also 38.9 or 32.7 Mhz
4
174 to 182
175.25
181.75
5
182 to 190
183.25
189.75
III
6
190 to 198
191.25
197.75
7
198 to 206
199.25
205.75
8
206 to 214
207.25
213.75
9
214 to 222
215.25
221.75
Standard L (8 Mhz), France
IF
-
31.45 to 39.45
32.7
39.2*
*Also 38.9 or 32.7 Mhz
A
41 to 49
47.75
41.25
I
B
49 to 57
55.75
49.25
C
57 to 65
63.75
57.25
C 1
53.75 to 61.75
60.50
54.00
Page 7
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard L (8 Mhz), France
1
174.75 to 182.75
176.0
182.50
2
182.75 to 190.75
184.0
190.50
3
190.75 to 198.75
192.0
198.50
III
4
198.75 to 206.75
200.0
206.50
5
206.75 to 214.75
208.0
214.50
6
214.75 to 222.75
216.0
222.50
Standard M (6 Mhz), Japan
IF
-
41.0 to 47.0
38.9
41.25
J 1
90 to 96
91.25
95.75
(II)
J 2
96 to 102
97.25
101.75
J 3
102 to 108
103.25
107.75
J 4
170 to 176
171.25
175.75
J 5
176 to 182
177.25
181.75
J 6
182 to 188
183.25
187.75
J 7
188 to 194
189.25
193.75
Channel spacing 4 Mhz
III
J 8
192 to 198
193.25
197.75
Channel spacing 4 Mhz
J 9
198 to 204
199.25
203.75
J 10
204 to 210
205.25
209.75
J 11
210 to 216
211.25
215.75
J 12
216 to 222
217.25
221.75
Standard M,N (6 Mhz), USA
IF
-
41.0 to 47.0
45.75
41.25
A 02
54 to 60
55.25
59.75
A 03
60 to 66
61.25
65.75
I
A 04
66 to 72
67.25
71.75
A 05
76 to 82
77.25
81.75
A 06
82 to 88
83.25
87.75
Page 8
CHANNEL LIMITS
SOUND
BAND
CHANNEL
VISION CARRIER
(MHZ)
CARRIER
Standard M,N (6 Mhz), USA
A 07
174 to 180
175.25
179.75
A 08
180 to 186
181.25
185.75
A 09
186 to 192
187.25
191.75
III
A 10
192 to 198
193.25
197.75
A 11
198 to 204
199.25
203.75
A 12
204 to 210
205.25
209.75
A 13
210 to 216
211.25
215.75
Page 9
UHF Channel definitions
CHANNEL
VISION
SOUND CARRIER
BAND
CHANNEL
LIMITS MHZ
CARRIER
MHZ
EU
Chi
G,H
I
K,L
Standards G,H,I,K,L (CCIR standards;8 Mhz)
IF
-
-
same of VHF for corrisponding country
21
13
470 to 478
471.25
476.25
477.25
477.75
22
14
478 to 486
479.25
484.75
485.25
485.75
23
15
486 to 494
487.25
492.75
493.25
493.75
24
16
494 to 502
495.25
500.75
501.25
501.75
25
17
502 to 510
503.25
508.75
509.25
509.75
26
18
510 to 518
511.25
516.75
517.25
517.75
27
19
518 to 526
519.25
524.75
525.25
525.75
28
20
526 to 534
527.25
532.75
533.25
533.75
IV
29
21
534 to 542
535.25
540.75
541.25
541.75
30
22
542 to 550
543.25
548.75
549.25
549.75
31
23
550 to 558
551.25
556.75
557.25
557.75
32
24
558 to 566
559.25
564.75
565.25
565.75
33
|
566 to 574
567.25
572.75
573.25
573.75
34
not
574 to 582
575.25
580.75
581.25
581.75
35
defi
582 to 590
583.25
588.75
589.25
589.75
36
ned
590 to 598
591.25
596.75
597.25
597.75
37
|
598 to 606
599.25
604.75
605.25
605.75
38
25
606 to 614
607.25
612.75
613.25
613.75
39
26
614 to 622
615.25
620.75
621.25
621.75
40
27
622 to 630
623.25
628.75
629.25
629.75
41
28
630 to 638
631.25
636.75
637.25
637.75
42
29
638 to 646
639.25
644.75
645.25
645.75
43
30
646 to 654
647.25
652.75
653.25
653.75
V
44
31
654 to 662
655.25
660.75
661.25
661.75
45
32
662 to 670
663.25
668.75
669.25
669.75
46
33
670 to 678
671.25
676.75
677.25
677.75
47
34
678 to 686
679.25
684.75
685.25
685.75
48
35
686 to 694
687.25
692.75
693.25
693.75
49
36
694 to 702
695.25
700.75
701.25
701.75
Page 10
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