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e-Commerce by Will Keenan, UNESCAP

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e-Commerce Workshop for UNDP Country Office ICT Programme Officers & Focal Points in Asia-Pacific - K uala Lumpur, December 2002 Will Keenan Regional Advisor on Trade Facilitation and Electronic Commerce…
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  1. e-Commerce Workshop for UNDP Country Office ICT Programme Officers & Focal Points in Asia-Pacific - K uala Lumpur, December 2002 Will Keenan Regional Advisor on Trade Facilitation and Electronic Commerce UNESCAP
  2. Premise E-commerce is one of the most visible examples of the way in which information and communication technologies can contribute to economic growth. Kofi A. Annan, UN Secretary-General
  3. Definition “ any form of business or administrative transaction or information exchange that is executed using any information and communications technology”
  4. Internet users and e-C revenue Source: IDC e-Commerce 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Internet users E-commerce revenue (B2B & B2C) United States Western Europe Japan Asia/ Pacific Rest of the World Percent of global
  5. Challenges to e-Commerce
    • poor or non-existent telecom
    • high network (Internet, VAN) access costs
    • language and culture
    • lack of skilled personnel
    • legal, regulatory, taxation and consumer protection issues
    • e-security and financial transactions
  6. EDI documents are sent/received via a network mailbox Traditional EDI process e-Commerce EDI translation & communication software Trading Partner Application System Application Interface Application Interface EDI translation & communication software Trading Partner Application System
    • TRADACOMS
    • ANSI X12
    • UN/EDIFACT
    • HTML
    Technical standards
    • XML
    • ebXML
    • and many more to come…
  7. Future ebXML process Company A Company B Build Local System Implementation Request Business Details Agree business arrangements Do business Register implementation details Register Company A profile Query about Company A profile Download scenarios & profiles ebXML compliant system 1 2 4 2 5 6 Business scenarios Business profiles ebXML Registry e-Commerce
  8. - MIMOS TIGeR Initiative - Malaysia e-Commerce
  9. Vision: EC for Entrepreneurs Competitiveness EC for Exports of Trade & Services, EC for Domestic Consumption Thai e-Commerce policy framework E-Commerce as the national trade strategy Promote the EC deployment among business sectors, esp. SMEs Build trust & confidence Government renovates & creates market Create an environment for fair competition and protect consumers Collaborate proactively with EC-related international forums Public hearing and government endorsed in 2000 EC Strategy is integrated within IT 2010. e-Commerce
  10. “ Trust & Confidence” Samples Of Some Successful e-Business Practices
  11.  
  12. E-Commerce maturity model i-Commerce Products Information available on the web, Buying and selling on the usual (analog) channel e.g. telephone, and fax 1. c-Business Integrating/ Collaborating with the back office information systems, e.g inventory and financial systems, and connecting with business partners 3. t-Commerce Ordering the products online (online transaction ), E-Payment could be available online. 2 .
  13. APEC - Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
    • 21 member economies
      • 2.5 billion people
      • 50% of world trade
      • consensus based
    • APEC’s premise
      • trade and investment liberalisation delivers economic growth, creates employment and alleviates poverty
  14. APEC’s Digital Divide
  15. APEC and e-Commerce
    • e-Commerce becoming mainstream
    • B2B Internet commerce in the A-P region USD 96.8 billion in 2000
      • 22 percent of world total
    • substantial cost reductions from streamlining business processes and improved B2B communication
  16. ASEAN – Assn of Southeast Asian Nations
  17. e-ASEAN
    • Shepherd: Singapore
    • Co-Shepherd: Malaysia, Brunei
    • Areas of coverage:
      • e-Commerce legal framework
      • e-Commerce legislation on electronic transactions and electronic signatures
      • Consumer protection
        • Online alternative dispute resolution
        • Privacy and personal data protection
  18. e-ASEAN
    • Areas of coverage (cont’d.):
      • Regional electronic payments system
      • Intellectual property rights
      • Cybercrime legislation and prevention
      • Developing authentication and security policies
      • Mutual recognition of digital signature framework
      • Security policy
      • Taxation issues
  19. ASEM - Asia-Europe Meeting An informal process of dialogue and cooperation between… Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Portugal Spain Sweden United Kingdom European Commission Brunei China Indonesia Japan Korea Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam
  20. ASEM Trade Facilitation Action Plan
    • Priority areas:
    • Customs procedures
    • standards and conformity assessment
    • quarantine and SPS procedures
    • intellectual property rights
    • electronic commerce
    • other areas (e.g. distribution)
  21. ASEM Trade Facilitation Action Plan
    • E-commerce actions:
    • seminars and meeting
    • issues paper, legislative inventory
    • joint recommendations
    • pilot projects (e.g. paperless trade)
    • website: www.asemec.org
  22. ASEM Trade Facilitation Action Plan
    • E-commerce recommendations
    • user trust
    • cyber security
    • intellectual property rights
    Recommentations reference other international recommendations, such as UNICTRAL Model Law on E-Commerce
    • contractual forms
    • technical standards
    • data protection
    • e-Commerce IP issues
    • security and cryptology
    • facilitation vs regulation
    International issues
    • contracts
    • legislation
    • self-regulation
    • international conventions
    Legal dimensions
    • ease of reproduction
    • difficulty of detecting alteration
    • absence of originality
    • anonymity of source
    Dematerialisation
    • document
    • writing
    • signature
    • instrument
    Language in statutes
    • requirements of form
    • mechanical signatures
    • intention to sign
    • proof
    • national legislation
    Signatures
    • standardisation of technology
    • recognition of root authorities
    • harmonisation of commercial codes
    • modernisation of enforcement procedures
    Electronic signatures
    • technical security
    • commercial security
    • legal security
    • national security
    Security
    • EU directive
    • registration
    • personal data
    • consent
    Data protection
    • confidentiality
    • proper use
    • correction of errors
    • “…… should we tax the internet?”
    • “ How should we tax the internet?”
    • direct and indirect taxes
    • international aspects of taxation
    Fiscal issues
    • Developed economies
    • broadband access
    • regional networks
    • market exchange
    • cross-border certification
    • security
    • intellectual property
    • Developing economies
    • human capacity building
    • basic access
    • low cost PC & SW
    • local language
    • portal site
    • government facilitation
    ICT & e-Commerce strategies
  23. Role of the UN
    • UNCTAD
    • UNCITRAL
    • WIPO
    • UN/CEFACT
    • ITU
    • UNDP
    • Regional Commissions
  24. UNCTAD United Nations New York and Geneva, 2002 E-COMMERCE AND DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2002
  25. UNCITRAL
    • Positive experience with Model Law on Electronic Commerce
      • adopted by Australia, Bermuda, Colombia, Ecuador, France, Hong Kong SAR, India, Ireland, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Rep. of Korea, Singapore, Slovenia, Thailand
      • Uniform Acts in Canada and USA
    • Recommendation 26 - TPAs
    • Recommendation 31 - Contract formation
    • Recommendation 32 - Codes of conduct
    • Current work
      • Certification authority standards
      • ODR
      • ebXML legal issues
    UN/CEFACT recommendations
  26. www.afact.org
  27. Thank you [email_address] UNESCAP Will Keenan Workshop for UNDP Country Office ICT Programme Officers & Focal Points in Asia-Pacific - K uala Lumpur, December 2002

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