Genetic analysis of cytoplasmic and maternal effects for milling quality traits in indica rice

Analysis of cytoplasmic and maternal effects of maternal plant as well as seed effects controlled by nuclear genes of endosperm cells was conducted for milling quality traits of indica rice (Oryzu saliva L.). Nine cyto- plasmic male sterile lines as females and five restorer lines as males were used in an incomplete diallel cross. The results indicated that milling quality traits were controlled by seed, cytoplasmic and maternal genetic ef- fects. Maternal effects for brown rice recovery (BRR) and milled rice recovery (MRR) were more important than seed effects. But brown rice weight (BRW), milled rice weight (MRW) and head milled rice recovery (HMRR) were mainly controlled by seed effects. Cytoplasmic effects accounted for 4.1 to 37.3% of total ge- netic variation and were significant for all milling quality traits. BRW, MRW and HMRR were mainly con- trolled by seed and cytoplasmic heritabilities, but MRR was affected by seed and maternal heritabilities. Additive correlation was more important between BRW and MRW, BRW and MRR, BRW and HMRR, MRW and MRR. Estimates of seed additive, maternal additive and cytoplasmic effects showed that V2(1 A was better than other parents for improving the milling quality of rice grain.