India - Where the gap lies - Jadavpur University presentation

Disaster Management & Climate Change Adaptation:Where the Gap Lies?Research TeamGlobal Change ProgrammeJadavpur University, KolkataPresented by Shyamasree DasguptaIn National workshop on Climate Smart disaster Risk ManagementNew Delhi, April 7, 2010Projected Impacts of Climate Change0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 CFoodFalling crop yields in many areas, particularly developing regions Possible rising yields in Falling yields in many some high latitude regionsdeveloped regionsWaterSignificant fall in water Small mountain glaciersavailability e.g. Mediterranean Sea level risedisappear – melt-water and Southern Africathreatens major citiessupplies threatened in several areasEcosystemsExtensive Damage Rising number of species face extinctionto Coral ReefsExtreme Weather Rising intensity of storms, forest fires, droughts, flooding, heat wavesEventsRisk of Abrupt and Increasing risk of dangerous feedbacks and Major Irreversible abrupt, large-scale shifts in the climate systemChangesGlobal temperature change (relative to pre-industrial)Vulnerability: Operational Definition Vulnerability = f (Potential Impact -Adaptive Capacity)•Exposure –direct Adaptive Capacity –danger due to Climate potential to cope Variabilitywith impacts•Sensitivity - Human and Environmental Conditions that trigger impactDisaster managementAdaptationPerception Perception:Disasters are IrregularDisasters will be increasingHighly Random EventsRandomness remains: but Mostly Unpredictablesome predictions possible Philosophy : Low probability of DisasterPhilosophy: reduction in randomness of disaster Disaster Management emerged as Ad hoc, Adaptation gives scope for pro-Reactive Financial active strategy Support policy aimed development to generate at Impact Damage safeguard against climate RepairvulnerabilityCase Studies:Coastal Inundation in Sagar Block of Indian SundarbanDamage CostAsset LostPhysical DamageDamage Cost(Rs)Land1355 acres328540000Livestock3826 nos.4304800Food (paddy) stock 129775 kgs1946625Fishing Nets703 nos.1054500Boats46 nos.920000Solar Lighting Systems1 no.15000Savings in liquid cashRs 163200163200Total336944125Disaster Management SupportInstitutionType of SupportGovernmentLand, Single Room Brick Houses, Dry Food, Canvas, Embankment Building/RepairNGODry Food, Canvas, Information on Natural CalamitiesRelativesCash, Manpower  Maximum support received from Government Maximum compensation for Land Loss (16.8%) Government Support compensated for only 17% of the Damage CostProposed Adaptation Framework Capital Investment in Resilience Building Infrastructure (Cyclone resistant houses, embankment)Maintenance Investment in Resilience Building InfrastructureLong term Adaptive Capacity Creation in lieu of Recurring Ad hoc Disaster Relief ExpenditureDisaster Management vs. AdaptationCompensation per household (in Rs Lakhs)1.9Investment required per household (in Rs Lakhs) for :a) Cyclone resistant houses & saline embankment0.83 (44%)b) Cyclone resistant houses & concrete embankment3.2 (167%)•Mainstreaming of Adaptation Strategy as against Recurring & Ad hoc Disaster Relief Expenditure•Initial investment – High •Long term benefits – Financial, Resilience Capacity Generation and Sustainable Development