Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) for Lighting Applications

Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) for Lighting
Applications

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No. of Pages: 113
Published: June 2012
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REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
The market for Light-emitting Diodes (LEDs) for Lighting Applications is projected to reach $19.5
billion in 2012 and $31.4 billion in 2017, a CAGR of 9.9% between 2012 and 2017.
General illumination is the second fastest-growing segment of the LED market, with a 2012 to
2017 CAGR of 15.4%. It is projected to remain the largest segment through 2017, when
shipments should reach $15.6 billion.
Mobile devices were the second-largest LED market segment in 2011, with shipments of more
than $5 billion, but should fall behind display backlights by 2017.
REPORT SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

This report is an update of an earlier BCC Research report, whose goal is to provide the most
up-to-date information on the status of the market for solid-state lighting equipment in the form
of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and to assess their growth potential from 2012 to 2017. The
various types of LEDs and their value for various consumer and industrial applications are of
particular interest.

REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY

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High-brightness light-emitting diodes (HB-LEDs) operate much more efficiently than traditional
light bulb products. They use a fraction of the power needed for bulb technology, have much
longer operating lifetimes and contain no substances that will harm the environment. Different
material structures are used to fabricate these high-brightness devices, and their fabrication
methods are unique.

BCC Research last examined this market in January 2010 and considers this an appropriate
time to see what progress had been made. The status of LEDs in five major industries is
examined and they are compared to traditional bulb products.

INTENDED AUDIENCE

BCC Research also estimates the total number of individual LEDs being manufactured and
presents an analysis of the materials used for substrates. This study will be of interest to those
in the photonics industry, manufacturers of solid-state devices, microelectronic manufacturers,
those involved with automotive and transportation lighting systems, makers of mobile devices,
traffic planners, municipal administrators, and those involved with general illumination in homes,
offices and industrial locations. It will also interest home designers, builders and companies
engaged in the manufacture of deposition equipment.

SCOPE OF REPORT

This study encompasses technologies and materials for fabricating colored and white LEDs.
BCC Research assesses each technology and then focuses on where it is used. The five major
industries using HB-LEDs are analyzed to evaluate their current market statuses and to develop
future projections. Forecasts of unit shipments and their values are made for 2011, 2012 and
2017. Various technical issues are discussed. In addition, a thorough economic analysis is
presented.

BCC Research analyzes the high-brightness LED industry on a global basis, including
manufacturing capability and consumption by various regional markets. It examines global
government funding and support, industry involvement, standards, and other pertinent factors
related to the success of solid-state lighting. BCC also reviews the various materials and
material systems that create different colored LEDs and their potential technologies for the
future.

METHODOLOGY

Both primary and secondary research methodologies were used in this study. BCC Research
presents an analysis of the units shipped for 2011 for each industry. The estimated value is
based on what manufacturers have paid in nondepreciated U.S. dollars. Based on its research,
BCC analyzes the potential growth of each industry and forecast shipments for 2012 and 2017.
It also analyzes the costs of LEDs and presents an estimated value of shipments for these
same time periods.

In this report update, the cost of substrates for the various kinds of LEDs is included in their
overall value. Most industry executives and technical managers report that finished products
contain the material needed for the full performance of an LED and they do not separate the
substrate as an added cost. They are part of the overall materials system for each LED.

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INFORMATION SOURCES

Approximately 135 companies were interviewed to obtain data for this study. Interviewees
included manufacturers of HB-LEDs, components, lighting devices, makers of fabrication
equipment and related materials; distributors of HB-LEDs; and executives in the industries
covered in this report. Other data sources included lighting research organizations, financial
and trade publications, and government sources.

ANALYST CREDENTIALS

The original report on which this update edition is based was prepared by Bob Moran. Mr.
Moran has worked as a technology market analyst and technology writer for more than 20 years
and is the author of numerous BCC Research reports. He has authored reports covering thin
film deposition, photovoltaic solar technology, magnetic and optical storage, surface
modification of polymers, and other technology topics. He has also served as the editor of BCC
Research publications, including Display Industry News and Micro and Nanotechnology.

The analyst responsible for updating the report is Andrew McWilliams, a partner in the Boston-
based international technology and marketing consulting firm, 43rd Parallel LLC. Mr.
McWilliams is the author or coauthor of many other BCC studies, including studies in related
fields such as NAN031D Nanotechnology: A Realistic Market Assessment; NAN036B
Nanotechnology for Photonics: Global Markets; AVM078A New Electronic Materials and Device
Technologies: Global Markets; and EGY053C Advanced Materials and Devices for Renewable
Energy: Global Markets.

BCC ON-LINE SERVICES

BCC Research offers an online information retrieval service. Its home page, located at
www.bccresearch.com, enables readers to:
Examine the complete BCC Research catalog of market research reports and place direct
orders.
Subscribe to any of BCC Research's many industry newsletters.
Read announcements of recently published reports and newly launched newsletters.
Register for its well-known conferences.
Request additional information on any BCC research product.
Take advantage of special offers.
DISCLAIMER

The information developed in this report is intended to be as reliable as possible at the time of
publication and of a professional nature. This information does not constitute managerial, legal
or accounting advice, nor should it serve as a corporate policy guide, laboratory manual or an
endorsement of any product, as much of the information is of a speculative in nature. The
author assumes no responsibility for any loss or damage that might result from reliance on the
reported information or from its use.

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Table of Contents
Chapter- 1: INTRODUCTION - Complimentary 3
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY
INTENDED AUDIENCE
SCOPE OF REPORT
METHODOLOGY
INFORMATION SOURCES
ANALYST CREDENTIALS
RELATED BCC REPORTS
BCC ON-LINE SERVICES
DISCLAIMER

Chapter- 2: SUMMARY 2
Table Summary : ESTIMATED GLOBAL LED LIGHTING SHIPMENTS AND MARKET
SHARES, 2011
Figure Summary : VALUE OF GLOBAL LED SHIPMENTS BY INDUSTRY, 2011

Chapter- 3: OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT SOLID-STATE LIGHTING ENVIRONMENT 4
GLOBAL ENERGY USE FOR LIGHTING
CURRENT LIGHTING SYSTEMS
THE IMPORTANCE OF LED LIGHTING
APPLICATIONS OF SOLID-STATE LIGHTING

Chapter- 4: INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 6
GLOBAL MANUFACTURING TRENDS
REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF LED MANUFACTURING
REGIONAL CONSUMPTION OF LEDS
MARKET SHARES

Chapter- 5: LED TECHNOLOGY 21
BASIC LED TECHNOLOGY
HIGH-BRIGHTNESS LEDS
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND ENHANCEMENTS IN LED TECHNOLOGY
LED FABRICATION
ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES
LED LIGHTING PATENT ANALYSIS
Table 8 : BASIC STRUCTURE OF A LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE

Chapter- 6: POLITICAL, LEGAL AND REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT 8
PHASE OUT OF INCANDESCENT LIGHT BULBS
R&D AND COMMERCIALIZATION SUPPORT
LED STANDARDS

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Chapter- 7: OVERVIEW OF THE LED LIGHTING MARKET 4
Table 27 : GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR HIGH-BRIGHTNESS LEDS, BY INDUSTRY,
THROUGH 2017
Figure 8 : VALUE OF GLOBAL LED SHIPMENTS BY INDUSTRY, 2011-2017
Table 28 : GLOBAL LED SHIPMENTS BY INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2017
Figure 9 : GLOBAL LED UNIT SHIPMENTS BY INDUSTRY 2011-2017

Chapter- 8: THE AUTOMOTIVE LED MARKET 14
MARKET SCOPE
LAMP USAGE IN AUTOS
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY LED APPLICATIONS
MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF LEDS IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
LED AUTOMOTIVE LAMPS
MARKET ASSESSMENT

Chapter- 9: DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING 8
MARKET SCOPE
COMPETING TECHNOLOGIES
LED APPLICATIONS IN BACKLIGHTING
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF LED BACKLIGHTING
CURRENT LED BACKLIGHTING LAMPS
MARKET ASSESSMENT

Chapter- 10: THE MOBILE LED MARKET 6
MARKET SCOPE
COMPETING LIGHTING TECHNOLOGIES
CURRENT MOBILE DEVICE LEDS
ADVANTAGES OF LEDS IN THE MOBILE MARKET
MARKET ASSESSMENT
Table 50 : REPRESENTATIVE MOBILE PRODUCT APPLICATIONS FOR HB-LEDS

Chapter- 11: SIGNALS AND SIGNAGE LED MARKETS 9
MARKET SCOPE
LED ACTIVITY IN SIGNALING AND SIGNAGE
CURRENT LED SIGNALING AND SIGNAGE LAMPS
ADVANTAGES OF LEDS FOR SIGNALING AND SIGNAGE APPLICATIONS
MARKET ASSESSMENT
Table 58 : TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FOR HB-LEDS IN SIGNALING AND SIGNAGE

Chapter- 12: THE GENERAL ILLUMINATION MARKET 10
MARKET SCOPE
LED ACTIVITY IN GENERAL LIGHTING

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COMPETING TECHNOLOGIES
CURRENT LED PRODUCTS FOR GENERAL ILLUMINATION
ADVANTAGES OF LEDS IN GENERAL ILLUMINATION
MARKET ASSESSMENT
Table 64 : SCOPE OF THE GENERAL ILLUMINATION MARKET

Chapter- 13: APPENDIX A CORPORATE PROFILES 13
COMPANY PROFILES

Chapter- 14: APPENDIX B: SELECTED PATENT ABSTRACTS 5
MULTIPLE DIE LED AND LENS OPTICAL SYSTEM
HIGH POWER LED LAMP
LEDS INCLUDE TRANSPARENT OXIDE LAYERS
LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE PACKAGE STRUCTURE
LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE MODULE, BACKLIGHT ASSEMBLY AND DISPLAY DEVICE
HAVING THE SAME
LED WITH SUBSTRATE MODIFICATIONS FOR ENHANCED LIGHT EXTRACTION
LASER PATTERNING OF LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES
COMPACT OPTICAL ENGINE FOR SMALL PERSONAL PROJECTORS USING LED
ILLUMINATION
WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEMS USES UV LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES
MAKING LEDS WITH IMPROVED LIGHT EXTRACTION BY ROUGHENING
VEHICLE LIGHTING METHODS AND APPARATUS

List of Tables

Summary Table : ESTIMATED GLOBAL LED LIGHTING SHIPMENTS AND MARKET
SHARES, 2011
Table 1 : EFFICACIES OF CURRENT LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Table 2 : OVERALL BENEFITS OF SOLID-STATE LIGHTING
Table 3 : GENERAL APPLICATIONS OF SOLID-STATE LEDS
Table 4 : LEADING COMPANIES IN THE LED SOLID-STATE LIGHTING INDUSTRY
Table 5 : ESTIMATED GLOBAL PRODUCTION OF LEDS FOR SOLID-STATE LIGHTING
APPLICATIONS, BY REGION, 2011-2017
Table 6 : GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SOLID-STATE LEDS BY REGION, 2011-2017
Table 7 : MAJOR LED MAKERS BY GLOBAL MARKET SHARE, 2011
Table 8 : BASIC STRUCTURE OF A LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE
Table 9 : BASIC LED TYPES AND PACKAGES
Table 10 : KEY MATERIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR PRODUCING COLOR IN LEDS
Table 11 : COMPARISON OF TRADITIONAL AND HIGH-BRIGHTNESS LEDS
Table 12 : COMPARISON OF WHITE LIGHT LED TECHNOLOGIES
Table 13 : DESCRIPTION OF A TYPICAL INDICATOR LAMP
Table 14 : DESCRIPTION OF A HIGH-BRIGHTNESS LED

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Table 15 : CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO POPULAR HIGH-BRIGHTNESS LED SUBSTRATES
Table 16 : KEY TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES OF MOCVD
Table 17 : KEY TECHNICAL FEATURES OF MBE
Table 18 : LED MANUFACTURERS' PREFERRED FABRICATION PROCESSES*
Table 19 : U.S. LED LIGHTING PATENTS ISSUED BETWEEN JANUARY 2010 AND APRIL
2012
Table 20 : US LED LIGHTING PATENTS ISSUED BY COMPANY JANUARY 2010-APRIL 2012
Table 21 : CURRENT LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE PROJECTS
Table 22 : ANSI LED STANDARDS
Table 23 : INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION LED STANDARDS
Table 24 : ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY LED STANDARDS
Table 25 : NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION LED STANDARDS
Table 26 : UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES LED STANDARDS
Table 27 : GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR HIGH-BRIGHTNESS LEDS, BY INDUSTRY,
THROUGH 2017
Table 28 : GLOBAL LED SHIPMENTS BY INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2017
Table 29 : MAJOR LED APPLICATIONS FOR AUTOMOBILES
Table 30 : NUMBER OF LEDS REQUIRED PER LAMP BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY
Table 31 : BENEFITS OF USING LEDS IN AUTO INTERIOR LIGHTING
Table 32 : AUTOMOTIVE LED TECHNICAL AND SAFETY FEATURES
Table 33 : LED SAFETY ADVANTAGES FOR AUTOS
Table 34 : ESTIMATED COST AND WEIGHT SAVINGS PER SIGNAL LAMP FROM USE OF A
SMALLER ALTERNATOR
Table 35 : SAMPLE CONFIGURATIONS OF AUTOMOTIVE LEDS
Table 36 : GLOBAL TRENDS IN MOTOR VEHICLE PRODUCTION, THROUGH 2011
Table 37 : PROJECTED GROWTH IN THE GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE MARKET FOR LED
LIGHTING, THROUGH 2017
Table 38 : TRENDS IN THE AVERAGE NUMBER HB-LED PACKAGES IN VEHICLES AND
THEIR AVERAGE COST, 2011-2017
Table 39 : FORECAST OF GLOBAL LED SHIPMENTS FOR THE AUTOMOTIVE
APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017
Table 40 : SHIPMENTS OF INDIVIDUAL LEDS USED IN AUTOMOTIVE PACKAGES,
THROUGH 2017
Table 41 : GLOBAL USE OF LED SUBSTRATE MATERIALS FOR AUTOMOTIVE
APPLICATIONS, 2011-2017
Table 42 : LED DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING APPLICATIONS
Table 43 : SUMMARY OF LED BACKLIGHTING ADVANTAGES
Table 44 : SAMPLE CONFIGURATIONS OF DISPLAY BACKLIGHT LEDS
Table 45 : GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF LCD MONITORS, THROUGH 2017
Table 46 : LED MARKET PENETRATION OF LCD MONITOR BACKLIGHTING, THROUGH
2017
Table 47 : TOTAL VALUE OF GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF LED BACKLIGHTS, THROUGH 2017
Table 48 : INDIVIDUAL LEDS USED IN LCD DISPLAY BACKLIGHTS, THROUGH 2017

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Table 49 : GLOBAL USE OF LED SUBSTRATE MATERIALS FOR DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING,
2011-2017
Table 50 : REPRESENTATIVE MOBILE PRODUCT APPLICATIONS FOR HB-LEDS
Table 51 : SAMPLE CONFIGURATIONS OF MOBILE DEVICE LEDS
Table 52 : ADVANTAGES OF LEDS IN THE MOBILE MARKET
Table 53 : GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR MOBILE AND HANDHELD DEVICES,
THROUGH 2017
Table 54 : AVERAGE NUMBER OF LEDS IN DISPLAYS FOR MOBILE DEVICES AND
AVERAGE COSTS, 2011-2017
Table 55 : GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR LED UNITS USED IN MOBILE DEVICES,
THROUGH 2017
Table 56 : GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF INDIVIDUAL LEDS USED IN MOBILE DEVICES,
THROUGH 2017
Table 57 : GLOBAL USE OF LED SUBSTRATE MATERIALS FOR MOBILE DISPLAYS, 2011-
2017
Table 58 : TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FOR HB-LEDS IN SIGNALING AND SIGNAGE
Table 59 : SAMPLE CONFIGURATION OF SIGNAL AND SIGNAGE LEDS
Table 60 : PROJECTED GLOBAL GROWTH OF LEDS IN SIGNALING AND SIGNAGE
INDUSTRIES, THROUGH 2017
Table 61 : AVERAGE NUMBER OF LEDS IN SIGNALING AND SIGNAGE PRODUCTS AND
AVERAGE COST, THROUGH 2017
Table 62 : GLOBAL FORECAST FOR INDIVIDUAL LEDS USED IN SIGNALING AND
SIGNAGE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017
Table 63 : GLOBAL USE OF LED SUBSTRATE MATERIALS FOR SIGNALING AND SIGNAGE
APPLICATIONS, 2011-2017
Table 64 : SCOPE OF THE GENERAL ILLUMINATION MARKET
Table 65 : HIGHLIGHTS IN DEVELOPING LEDS FOR GENERAL ILLUMINATION
Table 66 : SAMPLE CONFIGURATIONS OF GENERAL ILLUMINATION LEDS
Table 67 : KEY APPLICATIONS FOR GENERAL ILLUMINATION
Table 68 : GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF CONVENTIONAL LAMPS FOR GENERAL LIGHTING,
THROUGH 2017
Table 69 : GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR LEDS IN GENERAL ILLUMINATION
APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017
Table 70 : AVERAGE NUMBER OF LEDS IN ILLUMINATION PRODUCTS AND AVERAGE
COST, 2011-2017
Table 71 : GLOBAL LED PACKAGE SHIPMENTS FOR GENERAL ILLUMINATION
APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017
Table 72 : GLOBAL FORECAST OF INDIVIDUAL LEDS USED IN GENERAL ILLUMINATION
APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017
Table 73 : GLOBAL USE OF LED SUBSTRATE MATERIALS FOR GENERAL ILLUMINATION
APPLICATIONS, 2011-2017

List of Figures

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Summary Figure : VALUE OF GLOBAL LED SHIPMENTS BY INDUSTRY, 2011
Figure 1 : GLOBAL PRODUCTION OF LEDS BY REGION 2011-2017
Figure 2 : GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF LEDS BY REGION, 2011-2017
Figure 3 : LED GLOBAL MARKET SHARES, 2011
Figure 4 : LED MANUFACTURERS' PREFERRED LED FABRICATION METHODS
Figure 5 : US LED LIGHTING PATENTS ISSUED BETWEEN JANUARY 2010 AND APRIL
2012
Figure 6 : U.S. LED-RELATED PATENTS ISSUED ANNUALLY, 2006-2011
Figure 7 : LEADING COMPANY SHARES OF US LED LIGHTING PATENTS ISSUED
BETWEEN JANUARY 2010 AND APRIL 2012
Figure 8 : VALUE OF GLOBAL LED SHIPMENTS BY INDUSTRY, 2011-2017
Figure 9 : GLOBAL LED UNIT SHIPMENTS BY INDUSTRY 2011-2017
Figure 10 : GLOBAL VALUE OF LED SHIPMENTS FOR THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY,
2011-2017
Figure 11 : GLOBAL VALUE OF LED SHIPMENTS FOR DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING, 2011-
2017
Figure 12 : value of global led shipments for the mobile device market, 2012-2017
Figure 13 : VALUE OF LED SHIPMENTS FOR SIGNALING AND SIGNAGE LEDS, 2011-2017
Figure 14 : VALUE OF GLOBAL LED PACKAGE SHIPMENTS FOR THE GENERAL
ILLUMINATION MARKET, 2011-2017
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