Notecards

The ____ lung is smaller than
the _____ lung because it
left, right
must accommodate the heart.
Sensory (afferent)
neurons are most
receptor cells
associated with:
Examine genes and
DNA
determine if they are
expressed?
Microarray
Motor neuron
muscles &
(efferent) associated
with ____ & _____
glands
Left lung has __
lobes. Right lung has
2, 3
__ lobes.
Platypus is a
Monotreme; mammal
____?
that lays eggs.

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Kangaroo is a
Marsupial; completes
embryonic development
___?
in a pouch
Found in cell wall of many fungi;
Chitin....
polysaccharide containing nitrogen;
forms exoskeleton of arthropods;
contains glucose molecule with a N
containing group
Energy is utilized to pump Na+/K+
Na/K pump
against gradient; 3Na out for every 2K
in; Ouabain is a poison that interferes;
pump is a protein changing
conformation
___ valve is at the
Ileocecal; this valve prevents
junction of the small
contents of large intestine
from entering small intestine
and large intestine.
& vice versa.
Colchicine is an ____ that
alkaloid; Mitosis
inhibits polymerization of
STOPS if this is
tubulin into microtubules
present
Thyroid gland produces ____
calcitonin; thyroxine; triiodothyronine. The 2
as well as the iodine
iodine containing hormones influence
growth, development, and metabolic rates.
containing hormones ___ and
Ingestion of radioactive I131 determines
____
thyroid activity

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A ___ rate of filtration occurs
with vasoconstriction of the
decreased
afferent arterioles
Blood flow is ___
with afferent arteriole
decreased
vasoconstriction
An ___ rate of filtration occurs
with vasoconstriction of the
increased
efferent arterioles
Sympathetic innervations
afferent,
primarily affects the ____
arterioles and ____ the
volume of urine flow
decreases
Blood enters the glomerulus
afferent,
via the ___ arteriole and
leaves via the ___ arteriole.
efferent
Estrogen, testosterone, and
Steroids,
progesterone are all ____
and bind to _____ receptors
nuclear

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Insulin binds to a ___
surface receptor
cell
Unique feature of
double; One sperm nucleus fertilizes
the egg (becomes 2n zygote), the
angiosperms is ____
other fertilizes the 2 haploid central
fertilization
nuclei forming a 3N endosperm
(nutritive tissue)
NO; earthworms are also
Earthworms have __
invertebrates; moist skin
respiratory organs
needed for O2 to passively
diffuse; salt kills them
___ is common to
Glycolysis; SINGLE
both aerobic and
METABOLIC PATHWAY
THAT WILL OCCUR IN ALL
anaerobic organisms.
LIVING CELLS!
Identical twins are
indeterminate
made possible due to
___
cleavage
___ carries blood
Hepatic vein; allows blood to leave the
away from the liver
liver. Empty into the inferior vena cava
allowing blood to be returned to
toward the heart
general circulation

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___ can cause
Bilirubin; liver problems prevent
normal removal of bile pigments
jaundice
via digestive tract. Can cause
skin discoloration.
Autotrophs __
make; they make organic
molecules from inorganic raw
their own food
materials. EX: PLANTS.
Six turns of Calvin
1 glucose
cycle = ___?
Stroma of the
Calvin cycle
chloroplast contains
___
enzymes
Products of light reaction
ATP, O2, and
of photosynthesis is: __,
___, and ___.
NADPH
___ and ___ are two
Chlorophylls and
pigments used in
photosynthesis
carotenoids

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Retina
rods and
cones
adjust lens
Ciliary muscle
shape in eye
Papillary
Associated w/
muscle
heart
Papillae Projections on
tongue surface
Echinoderms include
STARFISH! Radial. They
___. They display
have NO segmentation and
___ symmetry.
are INVERTEBRATES
A hummingbird looks very similar to a
convergent evolution. Displayed
sunbird. Hummingbirds live in
when 2 distinct species with
North/South America, and sunbird
lives in Asia/Africa. This is an example
differing ancestries evolve to
of:
yield similar physical features

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___ is a hormone released
Erythropoietin;
primarily from the kidneys
and will ___ RBC formation in
the bone marrow
stimulate
Platelets, leukocytes, and
erythrocytes develop from a
common source, namely a
pluripotent
____stem cell
A ___ is the death of
nervous tissue in the
stroke
brain
A ___ is a blood clot
that forms in a vessel
thrombus
abnormally
T/F: In terms of cellular
abundance: erythrocytes
True
> platelets > leukocytes
T/F: An injured cell may
release histamine which
cause WBC to migrate out of
True
blood capillaries

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T/F: A cancerous cell known
as a myeloma may be
True
cultured indefinitely.
T/F: A lymphocyte may be
True; hybridoma cell
fused with a myeloma cell to
can now produce a
produce a hybridoma
desired antibody
T/F: Pancreas can
True; Exocrine: lipase, amylase,
act as an endocrine
protease and exports them to small
intestine via pancreatic duct.
and exocrine gland.
Endocrine: insulin & glucagon
T/F: Norepinephrine
can act as a hormone
True
and neurotransmitter.
T/F: The adrenal gland
produces hormones such as
epinephrine, aldosterone &
True
cortisol
T/F: In insects, molting and
metamorphosis are regulated
True
by the hormone ecdysone

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T/F: Prostaglandins are
FALSE. They are FATTY
modified proteins involved in
ACIDS. Aspirin can inhibit
inflammation/pain/fever.
prostaglandin activity.
first trimester; most sensitive
The ____ _____ is the main
to drugs/radiation during this
period in which organs are
time which can cause birth
formed during pregnancy
defects
At 8 weeks, the
embryo is called a
fetus
___
At __ weeks,
eyes/heart/liver/pancreas/limb
buds have begun
5
development
Integral transmembrane protein that
Reducing conditions;
consisted of 2 alpha and 2 beta
the disulfide bond
subunits joined by a disulfide bond.
How would you disrupt the dimer?
must be broken
____ is an enzyme
capable of unwinding
helicase
a DNA duplex

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____ have the ability to
cut DNA at a particular
Endonucleases
sequence of nucleotides.
DNA ____ is involved
in repairing
ligase
discontinuities in DNA
___ is an enzyme
involved in redox
dehydrogenase
reactions
Bacteria cell walls are
different; they contain
different/same as cell
walls of plants fungi
polysaccharide
___ are cellular appendages that
pilli;
are involved in the transfer of
genetic material between
bacterial cells called ____
conjugation
Gram+ bacteria can form ___
endospores; resistant;
which allow bacteria to be ___ to
ENDOSPORES ARE A
hot/cold/chemicals/radiation/etc
SURVIVAL STRATEGY!

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