Social computation of emergent networks on user generated content

Knowledge Management InstituteSocial Computation of Emergent Networks on User-Generated ContentGI Workshop on “Web-Science” at Informatik 2010, der 40. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft f ürfür Informatik Leipzig, GermanyMarkus Strohmaier Assistant ProfessorKnowledge Management InstituteGraz University of Technology, Austriae-mail: markus.strohmaier@tugraz.atweb: http://www.kmi.tugraz.at/staff/markusMarkus Strohmaier20101Knowledge Management InstituteSocial-Computational Systems… is the title of a new National Science Foundation (NSF) Program.the genesis of a new class of computational systems,which generate emergent behaviors that arise out of the complex and dynamic interactions among people and computers.Source: National Science Foundation http://www.nsf.gov/gpubp s/2010/nsf10600/nsf10600.htm3 observations:•Rise of User Generated Content•5 out of the top 10 websites in the world have a focus on user-generated-content (Alexa.com 2010) •Rise of Online Social Networks– More than 500 million active Facebook users, 50% log on any given day (Facebook 2010)•Integration of user data and system functionality•User data becomes an integral part of system functionsMarkus Strohmaier2010(Facebook 2010) https://www.facebook.com/press/info.php?statistics 2Knowledge Management InstituteSocial Computational SystemsInteraction between individuals andcomputational systemsis mediated by the aggregggategbehavior ofusers.Markus Strohmaier20103Knowledge Management InstituteSocial Computation pinfluences system properties (X)X=FindabilityX=UtilityIt is through the process of social computation, i.e. the combination of social behavior and algorithmic computation, that system properties and functions emerge.X Navigability=X R= elevanceMarkus Strohmaier20104Knowledge Management InstituteSystem Properties ofof Social-Computational Systems•Findability: •the ease at which a document can be found by a user•U ilit ty:•the degree to which a system maximizes usefulness of its functions for users•Navigability: •thte ease ah w ihi hc a user can navi tga fe Arom to B•Relevance: •the extent to which offered information is considered relevant•Privacy: •the extent to which private information is kept private•Profit:•The e xtentextent to which f unctionsfunctions can b ebe m onetizedmonetized• …influenced by social computation processesMarkus Strohmaier20105Knowledge Management InstituteAgenda1. Soci la C-tompu ta itilona S tys ems2. Navigability of Social-Computational Systems3. Semantics in Social-Computational Systems4. Social-Computational Systems & the FutureMarkus Strohmaier20106Knowledge Management InstituteAgenda1. Soci la C-tompu ta itilona S tys ems2. Navigability of Social-Computational Systems3. Semantics in Social-Computational Systems4. Social-Computational Systems & the FutureMarkus Strohmaier20107Knowledge Management InstituteExample:X = Connectivity (of the web graph)Questions:•What is X like?•What causes X?bow-tie architectureof the web[Broder et al 2000]Markus Strohmaier20108Knowledge Management InstituteExample:X = Connectivity (of the web graph)Questions:•What is X like?•What causes X?•How can we bow-tie architectureSocial mechanisms, such as improve X?of the webpreferential attachmentan open issuep[Broder et al 2000][Barabasi 1999]Markus Strohmaier20109Knowledge Management InstituteSocial Computational Systems:What type of questions are we asking?e.g. X = Connectitivititfy o ththbe we graph• Description and Classification:• Causality:•What is X like?•Does X cause Y?•What are its properties?•Does X prevent Y?•How can it be categorized?•What causes X?•How can we measure it?•What effect does X have on Y?• Descriptive Process: • Causality - Comparative:•How does X work?•Does X cause more Y than does Z?•What is the process by which X •Is X better at preventing Y than is Z?happens?•Does X causecause m oremore Y thanthan does Z •How does X evolve?under one condition but not others?• Descriptive Comparative:• Design•How does X differ from Y?•What is an effective way to achieve X?• Relationship:•How can we improve X?•Are X and Y related?•Do occurences of X correlate with occurences of Y?cf. [Easterbrook 2007 et al.]Markus Strohmaier2010Selecting Empirical Methods for Software Engineering Research, Steve Easterbrook, Janice Singer, Margaret-Anne Storey, Daniela Damian, "Selecting Empirical Methods for Software 10Engineering Research", Guide to Advanced Empirical Software Engineering, 2007