Terror on Hirosjima

THE SECRET HISTORY OF THE ATOMIC BOMB
WHY HIROSHIMA WAS DESTROYED
The Untold Story
by Eustace C. Mullins June 1998
THE SECRET HISTORY OF THE ATOMIC BOMB
A NEW MISSION
CRIMINALS ON DISPLAY
ATOMIC TERRORISM
A UNITED NATIONS PROJECT
THE JEWISH HELL-BOMB
THE BUCK PASSES TO TRUMAN
LIPMAN SIEW
WILL JAPAN SURRENDER BEFORE THE BOMB IS DROPPED?
THE HORROR OF HIROSHIMA
MASS MURDER
A PILOT'S STORY
DID THE ATOMIC BOMB WIN THE WAR AGAINST JAPAN?
THE NAGASAKI BOMB
AMERICAN MILITARY AUTHORITIES SAY ATOMIC BOMB UNNECESSARY
ANOTHER EISENHOWER SPEAKS
MACARTHUR'S WARNING
THE NEW ATOMIC AGE
THE REBIRTH OF ISRAEL
THE LEGAL ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR WARFARE
GANDHI SPEAKS
Cast of Characters
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
THE COURT OF INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE

---

The world was stunned to learn that India has now tested nuclear weapons. For many
years, all nations have been concerned about the proliferation of atomic explosives.
Even in their distress, no one seems to be interested in the historic or the
psychological record of why these weapons were developed, and what special breed of
mankind

devoted
themselves

to

this

diabolical

goal.
Despite the lack of public interest, the record is clear, and easily available to anyone
who is interested. My interest in this subject, dormant for many years was suddenly
rekindled during my annual lecture tour in Japan. My hosts had taken me to the city of
Nagasaki for the first time. Without telling me their plans, they entered the Nagasaki
Atomic Bomb Museum. I thought it would be an interesting experience, but, to my
surprise, when I walked into the exhibition rooms, I was suddenly overcome by
sadness. Realizing that I was about to burst into tears, I moved away from my
companions, and stood biting my lip. Even so, it seemed impossible to control myself. I
was surrounded by the most gruesome objects, the fingers of a human hand fused with
glass, a photograph of the shadow of a man on a brick wall; the man had been
vaporized in the explosion .
A NEW MISSION
When I returned to the United States, I knew1 had to unearth the sinister figures
behind greatest of human catastrophes. It took many weeks of research to uncover
what turned out to be the most far-reaching conspiracy of all time, the program of a few
dedicated revolutionaries to seize control of the entire world, by inventing the powerful
weapon ever unveiled.
The story begins in Germany. In the 1930s, Germany and Japan had a number of
scientists icing on the development of nuclear fission. In both of these countries, their
leaders sternly forbade them to continue their research. Adolf Hitler said he would
never allow anyone in Germany to work to work on such an inhumane weapon.
The Emperor of Japan let his scientists know that he would never approve such a
weapon. At that time the United States had no one working on nuclear fission. The
disgruntled German scientists contacted friends in the United States, and were told that
there was a possibility of government support for their work here. As Don Beyer tells
these immigrants to the United States pushed their program.
"Leo Szilard, together with his long time friends and fellow Hungarian physicists,
Eugene Wigner and Edward Teller, agreed that the President must be warned; fission
bomb tehnology was not so farfetched. The Jewish emigres, now living in America, had
personal experience of fascism in Europe. In 1939, the three physicists enlisted the
support of Albert Einstein, letter dated August 2 signed by Einstein was delivered by
Alexander Sachs to Franklin D. Roosevelt at the White House on October 11, 39."
CRIMINALS ON DISPLAY

---

At the Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum, photographs of two men are prominently
displayed; Albert Einstein, and J. Robert Oppenheimer, who developed the atomic
bomb at Los Alamos laboratories, New Mexico. Also on display is a statement from
General Eisenhower, who was then supreme Military Commander, which is found in
number of books about Eisenhower, and which can be found on p.426, Eisenhower by
Stephen E. Ambrose, Simon & Shuster, NY, 1983.
"Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson first told Eisenhower of the bomb's existence.
Eisenhower was engulfed by "a feeling of depression'. When Stimson said the United
States proposed to use the bomb against Japan, Eisenhower voiced 'my grave
misgivings, first on the basis of my belief that Japan was already defeated and that
dropping the bomb was completely unnecessary, and secondly because I thought that
our country should avoid shocking world opinion by the use (of atomic weapons).'
Stimson was upset by Eisenhower's attitude 'almost angrily refuting the reasons I gave
for my quick conclusion'. Three days later, Eisenhower flew to Berlin, where he met
with Truman and his principal advisors. Again Eisenhower recommended against using
the bomb, and again was ignored.
Other books on Eisenhower state that he endangered his career by his protests
against the bomb, which the conspirators in the highest level of the United States
government had already sworn to use against Japan, regardless of any military
developments. Eisenhower could not have known that Stimson was a prominent
member of Skull and Bones at Yale, the Brotherhood of Death, founded by the Russell
Trust in 1848 as a bunch of the German Illuminati, or that they had played prominent
roles in organizing wars and revolutions since that time. Nor could he have known that
President Truman had only had one job in his career, as a Masonic organizer for the
State of Missouri, and that the lodges he built up later sent him to the United States
Senate and then to the presidency.
ATOMIC TERRORISM
The man who set all this in motion was Albert Einstein, who left Europe and came to
the United States in October 1933. His wife said that he "regarded human beings with
detestation". He had previously corresponded with Sigmund Freud about his projects
of "peace" and "disarmament", although Freud later said he did not believe that
Einstein ever accepted any of his theories. Einstein had a personal interest in Freud's
work because his son Eduard spent his life in mental institutions, undergoing both
insulin therapy and electroshock treatment, none of which produced any change in his
condition.
When Einstien arrived in the United States, he was feted as a famous scientist, and
was invited to the White House by President and Mrs. Roosevelt. He was soon deeply
involved with Eleanor Roosevelt in her many leftwing causes, in which Einstein heartily
concurred. Some of Einstein's biographers hail the modern era as "the Einstein
Revolution" and "the Age of Einstein", possibly because he set in motion the program

---

of nuclear fission in the United States. His letter to Roosevelt requesting that the
government inaugurate an atomic bomb program was obviously stirred by his lifelong
commitment to "peace and disarmament". His actual commitment was to Zionism;
Ronald W. Clark mentions in Einstein; His Life And Times, Avon, 1971, p.377, "He
would campaign with the Zionists for a Jewish homeland in Palestine." On p.460, Clark
quotes Einstein, "As a Jew I am from today a supporter of the Jewish Zionist efforts."
(1919) Einstein's letter to Roosevelt, dated august 2, 1939, was delivered personally to
President Roosevelt by Alexander Sachs on October 11. Why did Einstein enlist an
intermediary to bring this letter to Roosevelt, with whom he was on friendly terms? The
atomic bomb program could not be launched without the necessary Wall Street
sponsorship. Sachs, a Russian Jew, listed his profession as "economist" but was
actually a bagman for the Rothschilds, who regularly delivered large sums of cash to
Roosevelt in the White House. Sachs was an advisor to Eugene Meyer of the Lazard
Freres International Banking House, and also with Lehman Brothers, another well
known banker. Sachs' delivery of the Einstein letter to the White House let Roosevelt
know that the Rothschilds approved of the project and wished him to go full speed
ahead.
A UNITED NATIONS PROJECT
In May of 1945, the architects of postwar strategy, or, as they liked to call themselves,
the "Masters of the Universe", gathered in San Francisco at the plush Palace Hotel to
write the Charter for the United Nations. Several of the principals retired for a private
meeting in the exclusive Garden Room. The head of the United States delegation had
called this secret meeting with his top aide, Alger Hiss, representing the president of
the United States and the Soviet KGB; John Foster Dulles, of the Wall Street law firm
of Sullivan and Cromwell, whose mentor, William Nelson Cromwell, had been called a
"professional revolutionary" on the floor of Congress; and W. Averill Harriman,
plenipotentiary extraordinary, who had spent the last two years in Moscow directing
Stalin's war for survival. These four men represented the awesome power of the
American Republic in world affairs, yet of the four, only Secretary of State Edward
Stettinius Jr., had a position authorized by the Constitution. Stettinius called the
meeting to order to discuss an urgent matter; the Japanese were already privately
suing for peace, which presented a grave crisis. The atomic bomb would not be ready
for several more months. "We have already lost Germany," Stettinius said. "If Japan
bows out, we will not have a live population on which to test the bomb."
"But, Mr. Secretary," said Alger Hiss, "no one can ignore the terrible power of this
weapon." "Nevertheless," said Stettinius, "our entire postwar program depends on
terrifying the world with the atomic bomb." "To accomplish that goal," said John Foster
Dulles, "you will need a very good tally. I should say a million." "Yes," replied Stettinius,
"we are hoping for a million tally in Japan. But if they surrender, we won't have
anything." "Then you have to keep them in the war until the bomb is ready," said John
Foster Dulles. "That is no problem. Unconditional surrender." "They won't agree to
that," said Stettinius. "They are sworn to protect the Emperor." "Exactly," said John

---

Foster Dulles. "Keep Japan in the war another three months, and we can use the
bomb on their cities; we will end this war with the naked fear of all the peoples of
the world, who will then bow to our will."
Edward Stettinius Jr. was the son of a J.P. Morgan partner who had been the world's
largest munitions dealer in the First World War. He had been named by J.P. Morgan to
oversee all purchases of munitions by both France and England in the United States
throughout the war. John Foster Dulles was also an accomplished warmonger. In 1933,
he and his brother Allen had rushed to Cologne to meet with Adolf Hitler and
guaranteed him the funds to maintain the Nazi regime. The Dulles brothers were
representing their clients, Kuhn Loeb Co., and the Rothschilds. Alger Hiss was the
golden prince of the communist elite in the united States. When he was chosen as
head of the prestigious Carnegie Endowment for International Peace after World War
II, his nomination was seconded by John Foster Dulles. Hiss was later sent to prison
for perjury for lying about his exploits as a Soviet espionage agent.
This secret meeting in the Garden Room was actually the first military strategy session
of the United Nations, because it was dedicated to its mission of exploding the world's
first atomic weapon on a living population. It also forecast the entire strategy of the
Cold War, which lasted forty-three years, cost American taxpayers five trillion dollars,
and accomplished exactly nothing, as it was intended to do. Thus we see that the New
World Order has based its entire strategy on the agony of the hundreds of thousands
of civilians burned alive at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, including many thousands of
children sitting in their schoolrooms. These leaders had learned from their master,
Josef Stalin, that no one can rule without mass terrorism, which in turn required mass
murder. As Senator Vandenberg, leader of the Republican loyal opposition, was to say
(as quoted in American Heritage magazine, August 1977), "We have got to scare the
hell out of "em."
THE JEWISH HELL-BOMB
The atomic bomb was developed at the Los Alamos Laboratories in New Mexico. The
top secret project was called the Manhattan Project, because its secret director,
Bernard Baruch, lived in Manhattan, as did many of the other principals. Baruch had
chosen Maj. Gen. Leslie R. Groves to head the operation. He had previously built the
Pentagon, and had a good reputation among the Washington politicians, who usually
came when Baruch beckoned.
The scientific director at Los Alamos was J. Robert Oppenheimer, scion of a
prosperous family of clothing merchants. In Oppenheimer; the Years Of Risk, by James
Kunetka, Prentice Hall, NY, 1982, Kunetka writes, p. 106, "Baruch was especially
interested in Oppenheimer for the position of senior scientific adviser." The project cost
an estimated two billion dollars. No other nation in the world could have afforded to
develop such a bomb. The first successful test of the atomic bomb occurred at the
Trinity site, two hundred miles south of Los Alamos at 5:29:45 a.m. on July 16, 1945.

---

Oppenheimer was beside himself at the spectacle. He shrieked, "I am become Death,
the Destroyer of worlds." Indeed, this seemed to be the ultimate goal of the Manhattan
Project, to destroy the world. There had been considerable fear among the scientists
that the test explosion might indeed set off a chain reaction, which would destroy the
entire world. Oppenheimer's exultation came from his realization that now his people
had attained the ultimate power, through which they could implement their five-
thousand-year desire to rule the entire world.
THE BUCK PASSES TO TRUMAN
Although Truman liked to take full credit for the decision to drop the atomic bomb on
Japan, in fact, he was advised by a prestigious group, The National Defense Research
Committee, consisting of George L. Harrison, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of
New York; Dr. James B. Conant, president of Harvard, who had spent the First World
War developing more effective poison gases, and who in 1942 had been
commissioned by Winston Churchill to develop an Anthrax bomb to be used on
Germany, which would have killed every living thing in Germany. Conant was unable to
perfect the bomb before Germany surrendered, otherwise he would have had another
line to add to his resume. His service on Truman's Committee which advised him to
drop the atomic bomb on Japan, added to his previous record as a chemical warfare
professional, allowed me to describe him in papers filed before the United States Court
of Claims in 1957, as "the most notorious war criminal of the Second World War". As
Gauleiter of Germany after the war, he had ordered the burning of my book, The
Federal Reserve Conspiracy, ten thousand copies having been published in
Oberammergau, the site of the world-famed Passion Play.
Also on the committee were Dr. Karl Compton, and James F. Byrnes, acting Secretary
of State. For thirty years, Byrnes had been known as Bernard Baruch's man in
Washington. With his Wall Street profits, Baruch had built the most lavish estate in
South Carolina, which he named Hobcaw Barony. As the wealthiest man in South
Carolina, this epitome of the carpet-bagger also controlled the political purse strings.
Now Baruch was in a position to dictate to Truman, through his man Byrnes, that he
should drop the atomic bomb on Japan.
LIPMAN SIEW
Despite the fact that the Manhattan Project was the most closely guarded secret of
World War II, one man, and one many only, was allowed to observe everything and to
know everything about the project. He was Lipman Siew, a Lithuanian Jew who had
come to the United States as a political refugee at the age of seventeen. He lived in
Boston on Lawrence St., and decided to take the name of William L. Laurence. At
Harvard, he became a close friend of James B. Conant and was tutored by him. When
Laurence went to New York, he was hired by Herbert Bayard Swope, editor of the New
York World, who was known as Bernard Baruch's personal publicity agent. Baruch
owned the World. In 1930, Laurence accepted an offer from the New York Times to

---

become its science editor. He states in Who's Who that he "was selected by the heads
of the atomic bomb project as sole writer and public relations." How one could be a
public relations writer for a top secret project was not explained. Laurence was the only
civilian present at the historic explosion of the test bomb on July 16, 1945. Less than a
month later, he sat in the copilots seat of the B-29 on the fateful Nagasaki bombing
run.
WILL JAPAN SURRENDER BEFORE THE BOMB IS DROPPED?
There were still many anxious moments for the conspirators, who planned to launch a
new reign of terror throughout the world. Japan had been suing for peace. Each day it
seemed less likely that she could stay in the war. On March 9 and 10, 1945, 325 B-29s
had burned thirty-five square miles of Tokyo, leaving more than one hundred thousand
Japanese dead in the ensuing firestorm. Of Japan's 66 biggest cities, 59 had been
mostly destroyed. 178 square miles of urban dwellings had been burned, 500,000 died
in the fires, and now twenty million Japanese were homeless. Only four cities had not
been destroyed; Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata, and Nagasaki. Their inhabitants had no
inkling that they had been saved as target cities for the experimental atomic bomb.
Maj. Gen. Leslie Groves, at Bernard Baruch's insistence, had demanded that Kyoto be
the initial target of the bomb. Secretary of War Stimson objected, saying that as the
ancient capital of Japan, the city of Kyoto had hundreds of historic wooden temples,
and no military targets. The Jews wanted to destroy it precisely because of its great
cultural importance to the Japanese people.
THE HORROR OF HIROSHIMA
While the residents of Hiroshima continued to watch the B-29s fly overhead without
dropping bombs on them, they had no inkling of the terrible fate which the scientists
had reserved for them. William Manchester quotes General Douglas MacArtbur in
American Caesar, Little Brown, 1978, p.437
[quoting:] There was another Japan, and MacArthur was one of the few Americans who
suspected its existence. He kept urging the Pentagon and the State Department to be
alert for conciliatory gestures. The General predicted that the break would come from
Tokyo, not the Japanese army. The General was right. A dovish coalition was forming
in the Japanese capital, and it was headed by Hirohito himself, who had concluded in
the spring of 1945 that a negotiated peace was the only way to end his nation's agony.
Beginning in early May, a six-man council of Japanese diplomats explored ways to
accommodate the Allies. The delegates informed top military officials that "our
resistance is finished". [End quoting]
On p.359, Gar Alperowitz quotes Brig. Gen. Carter W. Clarke, in charge of preparing
the MAGIC summary in 1945, who stated in a 1959 historical interview, "We brought
them down to an abject surrender through the accelerated sinking of their merchant

---

marine and hunger alone, and when we didn't need to do it, and knew we didn't need
to do it, we used them as an experiment for two atomic bombs."
Although President Truman referred to himself as the sole authority in the decision to
drop the bomb, in fact he was totally influenced by Bernard Baruch's man in
Washington, James F. Byrnes. Gar Alperowitz states, p. 196, "Byrnes spoke with the
authority of—personally represented—the president of the United States on all bomb-
related matters in the Interim Committee's deliberations." David McCullough, in his
laudatory biography of Truman, which was described as "a valentine", admitted that
"Truman didn't know his own Secretary of State, Stettinius. He had no background in
foreign policy, no expert advisors of his own."
The tragedy of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was that a weak, inexperienced president,
completely under the influence of Byrnes and Baruch, allowed himself to be
manipulated into perpetrating a terrible massacre. In the introduction to Hiroshima's
Shadows, we find that "Truman was moving in quite the opposite direction, largely
under the influence of Byrnes. The atom bomb for Byrnes was an instrument of
diplomacy-atomic diplomacy." (p.ix)
MASS MURDER
On August 6, 1945, a uranium bomb 3-235, 20 kilotons yield, was exploded 1850 feet
in the air above Hiroshima, for maximum explosive effect. It devastated four square
miles, and killed 140,000 of the 255,000 inhabitants. In Hiroshima's Shadows, we find
a statement by a doctor who treated some of the victims; p.415, Dr. Shuntaro Hida: "It
was strange to us that Hiroshima had never been bombed, despite the fact that B-29
bombers flew over the city every day. Only after the war did I come to know that
Hiroshima, according to American archives, had been kept untouched in order to
preserve it as a target for the use of nuclear weapons. Perhaps, if the American
administration and its military authorities had paid sufficient regard to the terrible nature
of the fiery demon which mankind had discovered and yet knew so little about its
consequences, the American authorities might never have used such a weapon
against the 750,000 Japanese who ultimately became its victims."
Dr. Hida says that while treating the terribly mangled and burned victims, "My eyes
were ready to overflow with tears. I spoke to myself and bit my lip so that I would not
cry. If I had cried, I would have lost my courage to keep standing and working, treating
dying victims of Hiroshima."
On p.433, Hiroshima's Shadows, Kensaburo Oe declares, "From the instant the atomic
bomb exploded, it became the symbol of all human evil; it was a savagely primitive
demon and most modern curse.... My nightmare stems from a suspicion that a 'certain
trust in human strength' or 'humanism' flashed across the minds of American
intellectuals who decided upon the project that concluded with the dropping of the
bomb on Hiroshima."

---

In the introduction to Hiroshima's Shadows, we find that "One of the myths of
Hiroshima is that the inhabitants were warned by leaflets that an atomic bomb would
be dropped. The leaflets Leonard Nadler and William P. Jones recall seeing in the
Hiroshima Museum in 1960 and 1970 were dropped after the bombing. This happened
because the President's Interim Committee on the Atomic Bomb decided on May 31
'that we could not give the Japanese any warning'. Furthermore, the decision to drop
'atomic' leaflets on Japanese cities was not made until August 7, the day after the
Hiroshima bombing. They were not dropped until August 10, after Nagasaki had been
bombed. We can say that the residents of Hiroshima received no advance warning
about the use of the atomic bomb. On June 1, 1945, a formal and official decision was
taken during a meeting of the so-called Interim Committee not to warn the populations
of the specific target cities. James Byrnes and Oppenheimer insisted that the bombs
must be used without prior warning."
"Closely linked to the question of whether a warning of an atomic bomb attack was
given to the civilian populations of the target cities is the third 'article of fifth' that
underpins the American legend of Hiroshima; the belief that Hiroshima and Nagasaki
were military targets. The Headquarters of the Japanese Second army were located in
Hiroshima and approximately 20,000 men—of which about half, or 10,000 died in the
attack. In Nagasaki, there were about 150 deaths among military personnel in the city.
Thus, between the two cities, 4.4% of the total death toll was made up of military
personnel. In short, more than 95% of the casualties were civilians."
On p.39 of Hiroshima's Shadows we find that (at Hiroshima) "strictly military damage
was insignificant." How are we to reconcile this statement with Harry Truman's
vainglorious boast in Off The Record; the Private Papers of Harry S. Truman Harper,
1980, p.304, "In 1945 I had ordered the Atomic Bomb dropped on Japan at two places
devoted almost exclusively to war production." In fact, many thousands of the
Hiroshima casualties were children sitting in their classrooms.
The bomb was dropped because (p.35) "The Manhattan Project's managers were
lobbying to use the atomic bomb. Byrnes sat in on these meetings. Maj. Gen. Groves
seems to have been the author of the claim that the use of the bomb would save a
million American lives—-a figure in the realm of fantasy."
Truman himself variously stated that the use of the use of the atomic bomb saved "a
quarter of a million American lives", a "half-million American lives", and finally settled
on the Gen. Groves figure of "a million American lives saved."
Meanwhile (p.64) William L. Laurence, who was writing for the New York Times at full
salary while also receiving a full salary from the War Department as the "public
relations agent for the atomic bomb" published several stories in the New York Times
denying that there had been any radiation effects on the victims of the Hiroshima
bombing (Sept. 5, 1945 et seq.) in which he quotes General Groves' indignant
comment, "The Japanese are still continuing their propaganda aimed at creating the

---

impression we won the war unfairly and thus attempting to create sympathy for
themselves."
(p.66) "The Legation of Switzerland on August 11, 1945 forwarded from Tokyo the
following memorandum to the State Department (which sat on it for twenty-five years
before finally releasing it): 'The Legation of Switzerland has received a communication
from the Japanese Government.' On August 6, 1945, American airplanes released on
the residential district of the town of Hiroshima, bombs of a new type, killing and
injuring in one second a large number of civilians and destroying a great part of the
town. Not only is the city of Hiroshima a provincial town without any protection or
special military installations of any kind, but also none of the neighboring regions or
towns constitutes a military objective."
The introduction to Hiroshima's Shadows concludes that (p.lxvii) "The claim that an
invasion of the Japanese home islands was necessary without the use of the atomic
bombs is untrue. The claim that an 'atomic warning' was given to the populace of
Hiroshima is untrue. And the claim that both cities were key military targets is untrue."
A PILOT'S STORY
Corroboration of these statements is found in the remarkable record of Ellsworth Torrey
Carrington, "Reflections of a Hiroshima Pilot", (p.9) "As part of the Hiroshima atomic
battle plan my B-29 (named Jabbitt III, Captain John Abbott Wilson's third war plane)
flew the weather observation mission over the secondary target of Kokura on August 6,
1945." (p. 10) "After the first bomb was dropped, the atom bomb command was very
fearful that Japan might surrender before we could drop the second bomb, so our
people worked around the clock, 24-hours-a-day to avoid such a misfortune." This is,
of course, satire on Carrington's part. (p. 13) "in city after city all over the face of Japan
(except for our cities spared because reserved for atomic holocaust) they ignited the
most terrible firestorms in history with very light losses (of B-29s). Sometimes the heat
from these firestorms was so intense that later waves of B-29s were caught by updrafts
strong enough to loft them upwards from 4 or 5,000 feet all the way up to 8 or 10,000
feet. The major told us that the fire-bombing of Japan had proven successful far
beyond anything they had imagined possible and that the 20th Air Force was running
out of cities to burn. Already there were no longer (as of the first week in June 1945)
any target cities left that were worth the attention of more than 50 B-29s, and on a big
day, we could send up as many as 450 planes!" "The totality of the devastation in
Japan was extraordinary, and this was matched by the near-totality of Japan's
defencelessness." (as of June 1, 1945, before the atomic bombs were dropped.) (p.
14) "The Truman government censored and controlled all the war information that was
allowed to reach the public, and of course, Truman had a vested interest in obscuring
the truth so as to surreptitiously prolong the war and be politically able to use the atom
bomb. Regarding the second element of the Roosevelt-Truman atomic Cold War
strategy of deceiving the public into believing that Japan was still militarily viable in the

---