Ђ
TheTop10HighestPaidCEOsof2008:Payhitsthegaspedalasthe
economyhitsthebrakes
#1:Blackstone
Partnership Units, or 25 percent of the equity
hewasgrantedin2007.Giventhattheother75
Stephen Schwarzman, Chief Executive Officer
percentofhis$4.7billion2007equitygrantwill
andfounderofBlackstoneGroup,L.P.,wasthe
vest in equal installments over the next four
highest paid CEO in the United States in 2008,
years, it is reasonably safe to assume that Mr.
but he was hardly a blip on The Corporate
Schwarzman will remain at the top of highest
Library"s CEO pay radar in 2007. With a salary
paid CEOs list, or close to it, for a few years to
of $175,000 and total realized compensation of
come.
$354,482, Mr. Schwarzman certainly didn’t
stack up against his financial services industry
As a pre‐IPO owner, much of the equity
counterparts
in
terms
of
realized
compensation received by Mr. Schwarzman is a
compensation. However, these pay figures
redistribution of his initial investment in the
represent only about a half year of earnings
company. Gains on top of this investment are
(and no equity) as The Blackstone Group only
derived mainly from the performance of the
completed its initial public offering in June
firm’s investment funds. Further, these “carried
2007. Mr. Schwarzman’s
interest” payments are largely deferred for
Total Realized
awards had no time to
Company Name
CEO Name
Industry
Compensation
bear fruit.
Blackstone Group L.P.
Stephen A. Schwarzman Financial Services
$702,440,573
(The)
In 2008, Mr. Schwarzman
Computer
Oracle Corporation
Lawrence J. Ellison
$556,976,600
Software
saw an increase in total
Occidental Petroleum
Petroleum & Coal
Ray R. Irani
$222,639,705
realized compensation of
Corporation
Extraction
Petroleum
more than 15 million
Hess Corporation
John B. Hess
$159,566,940
Products
percent. In addition to all
Petroleum & Coal
Ultra Petroleum Corp.
Michael D. Watford
$116,929,392
Extraction
other compensation that
Chesapeake Energy
Petroleum & Coal
Aubrey K. McClendon
$114,286,867
rose
from
under
Corporation
Extraction
Petroleum & Coal
$200,000 to nearly $2.3
XTO Energy Inc.
Bob R. Simpson
$103,485,972
Extraction
million, there was also
Petroleum & Coal
EOG Resources, Inc.
Mark G. Papa
$90,471,784
Extraction
the
vesting
of
Petroleum & Coal
Nabors Industries Ltd.
Eugene M. Isenberg
$79,333,079
$699,792,941 worth of
Services
Abercrombie & Fitch Co.
Michael S. Jeffries
Retail Apparel
$71,795,744
Blackstone
Holdings
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three years, are subject to a performance‐
options instead of equity that is more
based clawback provision, and at least 25
performance‐restricted.
Mr.
Ellison
also
percent of the shares must be retained. The
remains a well‐protected executive, with the
entire compensation package, it should be
company picking up the tab on $1.4 million in
noted, was decided not by a compensation
home security personnel costs (down from $1.7
committee but by Mr. Schwarzman himself,
million the previous year).
who under the NYSE listing standards for
limited partnerships is permitted to determine
#3: Occidental Petroleum
both his own compensation and that of the
Although the two top spots went to executives
other named executive officers.
in financial services and software, on the whole
#2: Oracle
the top ranks of CEO pay in 2008 can be
summed up in a single word: petroleum. Seven
The number two earner of 2008, Lawrence
of the top ten highest paid CEOs are from the
Ellison of Oracle Corporation, held the top spot
oil industry. Occidental Petroleum Corporation
in 2007, when he realized compensation of
CEO Ray Irani, the third highest paid U.S. CEO,
nearly $193 million. Mr. Ellison, who had been
received total realized compensation of $222.6
Oracle’s CEO for the past 32 years, exercised
million. Although he profited roughly $15
13.5 million stock options in 2007 for a profit of
million less from the vesting of equity than in
nearly $182 million; in 2008, he exceeded that
the previous year, Dr. Irani exercised just over
feat by exercising a remarkable 36 million
three million stock options in 2008, profiting
options for a profit of more than $543 million.
more than $184 million. Earnings that high
(As a comparison, the CEO who exercised the
require careful tax and financial services
next highest number of options in 2008 is #3‐
planning; in 2008, shareholders footed the bill
ranked CEO Ray R. Irani of Occidental
for $403,285 worth of such services for Dr.
Petroleum
Corporation,
who
exercised
Irani. In addition, his employment agreement
3,006,424 options.)
(amended in October 2008) stipulates that his
annual cash bonus is to be “determined at the
While Oracle’s stock price declined almost $5
reasonable discretion of the Board and its
from $22.58 at the end of 2007 to $17.73 at the
Compensation Committee.” In 2008, that
close of 2008, Mr. Ellison’s total realized
reasonable discretion awarded him $900,000, a
compensation was still more than half a billion
sum paid in part due to exceptional
dollars. With stock option grants of this size, it’s
performance in implementing a cost‐cutting
easy for the sheer volume of the grants to
initiative in anticipation of a “world‐wide
recompense for the more than 20 percent
economic deterioration.” All told, Dr. Irani has
decline in stock price. In addition, Mr. Ellison
received more than $4 million over the last
still has approximately 33.4 million stock
three years in discretionary bonuses that were
options outstanding, including a grant of seven
not justified in proxy statements by any
million options (with a grant date value of more
concrete performance metrics.
than $71.3 million) from July 2007, since Oracle
continues to use conventional time‐based stock
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In January 2009, Occidental Petroleum
value of his accumulated benefits was more
announced that its board approved a 'say on
than $27 million at the end of 2008.
pay' policy for shareholders, effective at the
2010 annual meeting. It will be interesting to
#5: Ultra Petroleum Corp.
see what messages investors send to the
Number five‐ranked Michael D. Watford of
company about its pay practices, and whether
Ultra Petroleum Corp. earned just $600,000 in
they remain the same going forward.
base salary in 2008. Ninety‐seven percent of his
#4: Hess Corporation
2008 total realized compensation of almost
$117 million was in the form of profits made
Hess Corporation’s John B. Hess, ranked #4 in
from exercising more than two million stock
CEO pay, was the only CEO in our coverage
options. Mr. Watford’s option profits should
universe other than Dr. Irani who realized more
continue to increase in ensuing months; he has
than $100 million in profit from stock options
500,000 options with a strike price of 25 cents
and also earned more than $30 million from
that are almost ten years old and set to expire
vested stock. Between year‐end 2006 and year‐
in spring 2010 and another 500,000 options
end 2008, Hess Corporation’s stock price first
with a strike price of $1.49 that will expire the
doubled, then fell almost to its previous levels
year after. Option grants for Mr. Watford have
(year‐end prices were $49.57, $100.86, and
slowed over the last couple of years with the
$53.64, at the ends of 2006, 2007, and 2008,
integration of more restricted stock into the
respectively). With a steady stream of equity
compensation plan; however, he previously
grants vesting during that time, including
received 100,000 to 250,000 options annually
hundreds of thousands of options with strike
for about a decade and by the end of 2005,
prices under $20, Mr. Hess not only stood to
already owned in‐the‐money options worth
gain greatly from strong increases in stock price
more than $240 million. In addition, as of
when the price of oil skyrocketed, but also to
December 31, 2008, Mr. Watford held about 63
profit from even the most modest gains in stock
percent of all common shares controlled by
value. The 186,000 stock options granted to
directors and officers.
Mr. Hess in February 2008 increased his
number of unexercised options to more than
#6: Chesapeake Energy Corporation
one million, and in March 2008, he was also
Aubrey K. McClendon of Chesapeake Energy
granted 124,000 shares of restricted stock
Corporation, the sixth highest paid CEO in our
worth almost $12 million. In the last two years
sample, earned more than $114 million in
alone, Mr. Hess gained more than $191 million
realized compensation for 2008, including a
from option exercises and vested stock. Mr.
bonus just shy of $80 million. This was the
Hess also received an 11 percent raise in his
highest bonus received by any CEO in our
base salary for 2008 and is the only CEO among
coverage universe. Despite a 40 percent decline
these seven petroleum industry heads to
in stock price for 2008, the bonus was paid
collect pension benefits from the company; the
pursuant to the company’s Founder Well
Participation Program, in which Mr. McClendon
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acts as a working‐interest owner in new natural
#7: XTO Energy
gas and oil wells explored by Chesapeake
Energy. The bonus will most likely be invested
In his final year as CEO of XTO Energy Inc.,
into the drilling program at Chesapeake. In
number seven earner Bob R. Simpson received
addition to the lucrative co‐founder side deal,
slightly more than $1.6 million in base salary,
Mr. McClendon also received plenty of
which exceeds the salaries of all other
company equity. His restricted stock profits
petroleum executives in this top‐ten list. Mr.
were more than $34.5 million in 2008, and he
Simpson also received a discretionary bonus of
received additional restricted stock grants
$30 million in 2008, which follows similar
worth almost $33 million. However, his recently
discretionary bonuses of $35.5 million and $31
amended employment agreement actually
million, respectively, over the prior two years.
reduced his required equity ownership after a
In awarding these bonuses, the company does
forced liquidation of more than 30 million
not rely on hard targets or long‐term
company shares in order to satisfy margin calls.
performance metrics vital to driving company
The following is from an October 10, 2008 press
growth. The company justifies them through
release on Chesapeake Energy’s website:
reflection on areas of success it sustained over
the year, such as stock price and operating
Mr. McClendon commented, "I am very
results. In addition to the previously mentioned
disappointed to have been required to
$96.5 million in discretionary bonuses Mr.
sell substantially all of my shares of
Simpson has earned in the last three years, he
Chesapeake. These involuntary and
has made more than $133 million in stock
unexpected sales were precipitated by
option profits over that time, $68 million of it in
the extraordinary circumstances of the
2008 alone.
worldwide financial crisis. In no way do
these sales reflect my view of the
#8: EOG Resources
company's financial position or my view
of Chesapeake's future performance
Eighth‐ranked CEO Mark G. Papa of EOG
potential. I have been the company's
Resources, Inc. earned slightly more in option
largest individual shareholder for the
profits than Mr. Simpson in 2008, about $69.6
past three years and frequently
million, despite exercising more than one
purchased additional shares of stock on
million fewer options. This indicates that the
margin as an expression of my complete
stock price growth during the period – or the
confidence in the value of the company's
profit per share – was higher for EOG Resources
strategy and assets. My confidence in
than for industry peer XTO Energy, enabling
Chesapeake remains undiminished, and I
him to make more money on fewer stock
look forward to rebuilding my ownership
options. Like Mr. Simpson, there is also a
position in the company in the months
discretionary element to Mr. Papa’s pay,
and years ahead.”
though his was in the form of a discretionary
pool of stock options and restricted stock
instead of cash. His restricted stock awards
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vested in the amount of more than $18 million
excess of $28 million. His 2008 base salary also
in
2008,
resulting
in
total
realized
includes $50,000 in fees to serve as a director
compensation in excess of $90 million.
on the company’s board, the annual retainer
typically
bestowed
upon
non‐employee
#9: Nabors Industries
directors.
Compensation in 2008 for the ninth highest
#10: Abercrombie & Fitch
paid CEO, Eugene M. Isenberg of Nabors
Industries Ltd., is quite similar to that of Mr.
Finally, the tenth highest paid CEO of 2008 was
McClendon of Chesapeake Energy. Both chiefs
the 17‐year veteran of Abercrombie & Fitch
oversaw dramatic declines in stock price, with
Co., Michael S. Jeffries. His total realized
Nabors Industries down 56 percent from the
compensation was almost $72 million, of which
prior year and Chesapeake Energy about 40
86 percent was comprised of profits earned
percent. Despite this fact, Mr. Isenberg and Mr.
from the exercise of options and from the
McClendon received by a significant margin the
vesting of restricted stock. Some of the vested
two highest bonuses of all the CEOs in this
equity was replaced in the form of five separate
group. Mr. Isenberg received a bonus just shy
stock appreciation rights (SARs) grants in
of $59 million, comprising 74 percent of his
December 2008, constituting 40 percent of the
more than $79 million in total realized
four million SARs he was to receive upon
compensation. Like Mr. McClendon’s, this
entering into a new employment agreement
bonus is derived from rather favorable
with Abercrombie. Also part of the agreement
provisions in Mr. Isenberg’s employment
was a discretionary “stay bonus” of $6 million,
agreement that have been in place since he
awarded as a result of remaining in the
joined Nabors Industries in 1987. His bonus
company’s employ as Chairman and CEO
formula, which awards him a percentage of
through December 2008. The retention value of
company
cash
flow,
has
resulted
in
the award is questionable given his already
“approximately $625 million in aggregate
strong equity ownership in Abercrombie plus
bonuses” over the years, according to Nabors
his new 2008 equity grants. In addition to a $6
Industries’ most recent proxy statement. The
million “stay bonus” and base salary of $1.5
provisions of this contract were recently
million, Mr. Jeffries also accrued more than $2
amended, but as an inducement to enter into
million in perquisites for the year. These
the amended document, the company is going
included almost $1.3 million in personal aircraft
to credit $600,000 to Mr. Isenberg’s deferred
usage and associated tax gross‐ups, as well as
compensation plan at the end of every quarter
$382,687 in company contributions towards
beginning in June 2009 regardless of company
Mr. Jeffries’ retirement in the form of 401(k),
performance. In addition to the bonus, the CEO
nonqualified
savings
and
supplemental
realized profits just shy of $20 million from
retirement plan payments.
vested restricted stock and received two more
restricted stock grants in February and
December 2008, each with a grant date value in
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(877) 479‐7500
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