http://pdfcast.org/rss/tag/cancer en-us http://pdfcast.org/pdf/ovarian-cancer-resource-guide-for-newly-diagnosed-women Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/ovarian-cancer-resource-guide-for-newly-diagnosed-women A:
Cancer is a disease in which certain
body cells don’t function right, divide
very fast, and produce too much tissue
that forms a tumor. The lungs, a pair of
sponge-like, cone-shaped organs, are
part of the body’s respiratory system.
When we breathe in, the lungs take in
oxygen, which our cells need to live
and carry out their normal functions.
When we breathe out, the lungs get
rid of carbon dioxide, which is a waste
product of the body’s cells. Cancers
that begin in the lungs are divided
into two major types, non-small cell
lung cancer and small cell lung cancer,
depending on how the cells look under
a microscope. Each type of lung cancer
grows and spreads in different ways and
is treated differently.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/lung-cancer Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/lung-cancer the blood and blood-forming organs (bone marrow, lymphatic system, and spleen), and circulate
through other tissues where they can accumulate.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/leukemia-adult-acute Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/leukemia-adult-acute then spread to the blood, lymph nodes, the spleen, liver, central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord), testes (testicles), or other organs. In contrast, other types of cancers develop in various organs of children and adults and then spread to the bone marrow and other organs. Some childhood cancers, such as neuroblastoma or Wilms’ tumor, can spread to bone marrow, but these cancers are not leukemia. ]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/childhood-leukemia Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/childhood-leukemia the blood cells. Almost 27,000 adults and more than 2,000 children in the United States are diagnosed with leukemia each year. There are different types of leukemia and several treatment options for each type. ]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/leukemia-2 Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/leukemia-2 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/leukemia-facts Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/leukemia-facts competent and innocent before, becomes a powerless victim of the cancer. In many ways cancer has replaced the devil as a dark force in our culture.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/define-your-relationship-with-cancer Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/define-your-relationship-with-cancer http://pdfcast.org/pdf/altering-fatty-acid-levels-in-diet-may-reduce-prostate-cancer-growth-rate Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/altering-fatty-acid-levels-in-diet-may-reduce-prostate-cancer-growth-rate http://pdfcast.org/pdf/diet-and-cancer-1 Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/diet-and-cancer-1 or throat may feel very dry, sore, or raw.
This is a side effect of some chemotherapy
drugs and radiation therapy treatments.
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/sore-mouth-and-throat-care-during-cancer-treatment Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/sore-mouth-and-throat-care-during-cancer-treatment also known as “functional foods,” in
the American diet is highlighted by the fact
that consumers paid out $9 billion/year for
these products (1). The definition of func-
tional foods is still evolving but refers to
“foods that, by virtue of physiologically
active components, provide benefits be-
yond basic nutrition and may prevent dis-
ease or promote health,” as stated by Clare
Hasler, director of the University of Illinois
Functional Foods for Health Program.
Increasingly, manufacturers are including
the names of nonnutritive components on
their labels. For example, the labels on
green tea list “polyphenols,” and those on
tofu list “isoflavones.” The public is be-
coming more knowledgeable about these
nonnutritive ingredients because of the
large amount of publicity and articles in
the mass media.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/the-functional-food-properties-of-figs Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/the-functional-food-properties-of-figs vascular disease, diabetes and various cancers rank highly
among the causes of death and disability in New Zealand,
with significant differences between racial groups in dis-
ease susceptibility. While the bulk of the population are
Caucasians, a significant proportion are of Polynesian ori-
gins, including both Maori and Pacific Island groups, with
an increasing Asian immigrant population. Maori have
significantly lower colon cancer and significantly higher
stomach, breast, lung and pancreatic cancers in compari-
son with the rest of the population. Both diabetes and car-
diovascular disease develop at an earlier age in both
Polynesian and Asian groups as compared with those of
Caucasian origin. Thus, dietary manipulation has the
potential to significantly affect health and disease-related
outcomes in the different racial groups of New Zealand.
However, major dietary changes within the population are
difficult to implement. Functional foods offer the solution
of modifying the nutritive properties of foods that people
already consume. New Zealand’s high incidence of diet-
related diseases makes it an ideal testing ground for new
developments in functional foods. The key to these devel-
opments is nutrigenomics, which offers approaches power-
ful enough to explore the complex interactions between
nutrients and biological systems, allowing the rational
design of functional foods. ]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/new-zealand-fertile-ground-for-functional-foods-and-nutrigenomics Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/new-zealand-fertile-ground-for-functional-foods-and-nutrigenomics oxygen species (hROS) is recognized as an
important mechanism in the causation of
chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular
disease, osteoporosis and diabetes. Fruits
and vegetables are good sources of several
antioxidants including lycopene, of recent
interest and available in the diet primarily
from tomatoes and tomato products. Popular
for its role in prostate health, lycopene also
improves markers for and risk of multiple
cancers, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis,
diabetes, hypertension, male infertility and
macular degeneration. Epidemiological, tissue
culture, animal and human studies show a
beneficial role for lycopene in the prevention
and possibly treatment of chronic diseases.
Generally, lycopene intake of North Americans
is low (?1.86 mg/day) compared to 7 mg/day
now recommended to maintain circulatory
lycopene at levels consistent with providing
beneficial effects. Ongoing and future research
is warranted to increase our understanding
of lycopene’s role in human diseases, its
mechanisms of action and its use in the
management of public health.
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/biologically-active-lycopene-in-human-health Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/biologically-active-lycopene-in-human-health various foods and beverages. Ginger has a long history of medicinal use dating back 2500 years. Ginger has been traditionally used from
time immemorial for varied human ailments in different parts of the globe, to aid digestion and treat stomach upset, diarrhoea, and
nausea. Some pungent constituents present in ginger and other zingiberaceous plants have potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
activities, and some of them exhibit cancer preventive activity in experimental carcinogenesis. The anticancer properties of ginger are
attributed to the presence of certain pungent vallinoids, viz. [6]-gingerol and [6]-paradol, as well as some other constituents like shogaols,
zingerone etc. A number of mechanisms that may be involved in the chemopreventive effects of ginger and its components have been
reported from the laboratory studies in a wide range of experimental models.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/cancer-preventive-properties-of-ginger-a-brief-review Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/cancer-preventive-properties-of-ginger-a-brief-review is a driving force of organ development in ontogeny, is necessary for ovulation and
hair growth, and is prerequisite for proper wound healing. It is also a critical
mechanism of numerous diseases, the most important of which are cancer and
atherosclerosis. Therefore, modulation of angiogenesis is considered as therapeutic
strategies of great importance for human health.
Numerous bioactive plant compounds, often referred to as nutraceuticals are recently
tested for the potential clinical applications. Among the most frequently studied are
resveratrol, a polyphenol present in red-wine and grape-seed, epigallocatechin-3-
gallate (EGCG) from green tea and curcumin from Curcuma longa. It is also possible
that components of other plants, including the constituents of local food diet may
find application for modulation of angiogenesis, provided that their effectiveness will
be confirmed in controlled, scientifically validated trials. ]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/nutraceuticals-as-anti-angiogenic-agents-hopes-and-reality Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/nutraceuticals-as-anti-angiogenic-agents-hopes-and-reality well recognized. While plant-based formulations have been used to treat cancer for centuries, current treatments usually
involve poisonous mustard gas, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies. While traditional plant-derived medi-
cines are safe, what are the active principles in them and how do they mediate their effects against cancer is perhaps best
illustrated by curcumin, a derivative of turmeric used for centuries to treat a wide variety of inflammatory conditions. Cur-
cumin is a diferuloylmethane derived from the Indian spice, turmeric (popularly called ‘‘curry powder”) that has been
shown to interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle (cyclin D1 and cyclin E), apoptosis (activation
of caspases and down-regulation of antiapoptotic gene products), proliferation (HER-2, EGFR, and AP-1), survival
(PI3K/AKT pathway), invasion (MMP-9 and adhesion molecules), angiogenesis (VEGF), metastasis (CXCR-4) and
inflammation (NF-jB, TNF, IL-6, IL-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX). The activity of curcumin reported against leukemia and
lymphoma, gastrointestinal cancers, genitourinary cancers, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, head and neck squamous cell
carcinoma, lung cancer, melanoma, neurological cancers, and sarcoma reflects its ability to affect multiple targets. Thus
an ‘‘old-age” disease such as cancer requires an ‘‘age-old” treatment.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/curcumin-and-cancer-an-old-age-disease-with-an-age-old-solution Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/curcumin-and-cancer-an-old-age-disease-with-an-age-old-solution (NAMS) appointed a panel of advisors to assist
the NAMS Board of Trustees in developing an
evidence-based consensus opinion on the ther-
apeutic role of isoflavones in menopausal women, either
in relieving short-term symptoms or in preventing dis-
ease later in life. The advisory panel was composed of
clinicians and researchers acknowledged to be experts
regarding isoflavones. Their advice assisted the NAMS Board of Trustees in developing this consensus opinion
of the Society. The NAMS consensus-building process
was described in a previous issue.

]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/the-role-of-isoflavones-in-menopausal-health-consensus-opinion-of-the-north-american-menopause-society Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/the-role-of-isoflavones-in-menopausal-health-consensus-opinion-of-the-north-american-menopause-society decades westerners have been trying to understand why these people have less problems
with breast, prostate, colon and rectal cancers, osteoporosis, coronary heart disease and
menopause. In fact, it is interesting to note that the Japanese do not even have a word for
menopause in their language. This is because menopausal symptoms did not exist in the
past. It took the west a long time to put it together that the large consumption of soy in
China and Japan, in particular, might be the main difference between the East and the West
and the occurrences of the aforementioned conditions. Studies began as early as the mid
1980's to understand soy and what gives soy its amazing properties. Initial studies showed
that the isoflavones in soy may be the primary reason that soy has been so effective for
health benefits. Further studies showed that soy isoflavones have three modifications and
each has three simple aglycone moieties. Genistein, daidzein, and glycetein compose these
aglycones. The modification consists of glycosides, acetyl derivatives and malonyl
derivatives. More studies showed the health benefits associated with the consumption of
soy isoflavones are in fact, attributed to the weak estrogenic activity produced by soy
isoflavones. ]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/soy-isoflavones-a-review-of-literature-and-use Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/soy-isoflavones-a-review-of-literature-and-use as Devil's Apple retarded the progress of ocular squamous cell carcinoma in Hereford cattle. The Devil's Apple
plant, Solanum linnaeanum (also known as Solanum sodomaeum and Solanum hermannii), is a member of the
same family as eggplant, potatoes and tomatoes. In 1987 it was reported that the fruit of the Devil's Apple plant
contained a mixture of solasodine glycosides. The mixture of solasodine glycosides was constant when
extracted from the fruits of the Devil's Apple plant and was given the name BEC which consisted of the
triglycosides solasonine, solamargine and di-and monogly cos ides. All the glycosides contained the same
aglycone an alkaloid solasodine and the sugar moiety consisted of rhamnose, glucose and galactose. BEC has
antineoplastic properties against a wide variety of human cancers in cell culture, tissue culture and is very
effective against terminal tumours in animals. BEC not only prolonged the life of animals with terminal cancers,
but the cancers were completely eliminated rendering the animals cancer free for the remainder of their normal
life span. BEC in a topical cream formulation is now available clinically for the treatment of non malignant and
malignant human skin cancers. BEC is very selective in killing cancer cells without harming normal cells due to
a unique mode of action. In addition BEC exerts its antineoplastic activity on cancer cells at proliferative as well
as "resting" (nonproliferative) stages of their life cycles. BEC, due to its selectivity and efficacy is superior to
other well established antineoplastics. The observations that BEC has good antineoplastic activities, together
with a very high safety profile, have paved the way for much work currently being undertaken to establish the
potential of BEC as a new antineoplastic agent for internal cancers.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/olasodine-rhamnosyl-glycosides-specifically-bind-cancer-cell-receptors-and-induce-apoptosis-and-necrosis-treatment-for-skin-cancer-and-hope-for-internal-cancers Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/olasodine-rhamnosyl-glycosides-specifically-bind-cancer-cell-receptors-and-induce-apoptosis-and-necrosis-treatment-for-skin-cancer-and-hope-for-internal-cancers coffee drinking rose towards five cups a day, the risk of
colorectal cancer reduced, especially in men.1 Furthermore, in
a subsequent meta-analysis of twelve such case-control
studies it was noted that there was a 28% reduction in the
colorectal cancer risk for those drinking moderate levels of
coffee (four or more cups of coffee a day) compared to low
consumption of less than one cup per day.2
Possible biological explanations for such a chemoprotective
effect include coffee-related reductions of bile acids,
antimutagenic properties of selected coffee components or
increased colonic motility.
In a case control study, subjects are enrolled according to
their disease status and their previous coffee consumption is
then examined. In contrast, in a cohort study, a group of
individuals with a known range of coffee exposures are
observed over a period of time to identify any new cancer
cases. Unfortunately such prospective cohort studies have
not supported a similar reduction in colorectal cancer risk
associated with coffee drinking.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/coffee-and-colorectal-cancer Wed, 31 Dec 1969 18:00:00 -0600 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/coffee-and-colorectal-cancer