http://pdfcast.org/rss/tag/disorder en-us http://pdfcast.org/pdf/life-journey-through-autism-an-educator-s-guide-to-asperger-syndrome Thu, 18 Sep 2008 12:51:05 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/life-journey-through-autism-an-educator-s-guide-to-asperger-syndrome Psychology http://pdfcast.org/pdf/sleep-walking-and-sleep-talking Tue, 09 Dec 2008 04:44:06 -0500 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/sleep-walking-and-sleep-talking House and Family communicate, form relationships with others, and respond appropriately to the
environment. Those affected by autism fall along a spectrum of “high-functioning”
individuals to individuals who lack any means of communicating with others. The
prevalence of autism in the population is not well described. It was once thought that
autism was relatively rare, occurring in 4-5 per 10,000 persons. More recent estima-
tions put the prevalence of autism at 10-12 per 10,000 persons. A clear cause has not
been identified, although there is evidence for genetic predisposition. Autism is more
common in males and is more common in certain medical conditions.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/autism Wed, 04 Feb 2009 09:38:06 -0500 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/autism Psychology smoking and schizophrenia
are tightly linked, but are not
sure why. Could nicotine actu-
ally be helping the disorder?
If so, then it is a double-edged
sword, because smoking is a
life-threatening behavior.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/brain Fri, 13 Feb 2009 22:37:25 -0500 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/brain Psychology http://pdfcast.org/pdf/5-relationships-development-and-psychopathology Sun, 14 Jun 2009 04:30:36 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/5-relationships-development-and-psychopathology Social regnant women are susceptible
to a host of bowel disturbances
such as constipation, diarrhea,
and fecal incontinence at rates
similar to that of the general popula-
tion. However, there is data to suggest
that the pathophysiology of the altera-
tion in bowel pattern may be specific
to hormonal and structural changes that
occur during pregnancy and as a result
of delivery. In this section, we will dis-
cuss how the physiologic changes that
occur during pregnancy may contribute
to the development of specific bowel
disturbances. In addition, we will ad-
dress therapy for these conditions with
special consideration for maternal and
fetal safety.
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/pregnancy-in-gastrointestinal-disorders Thu, 10 Sep 2009 10:34:59 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/pregnancy-in-gastrointestinal-disorders Health & Fitness ?
Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea): uterine bleeding excessive in both amount
and duration of flow, but occurring at regular intervals.
?
Oligomenorrhea: menstrual periods at intervals of more than 35 days.
?
Menometrorrhagia: uterine bleeding usually excessive and prolonged
occurring at frequent and irregular intervals.
?
Polymenorrhea: frequent but regular episodes of uterine bleeding occurring
at intervals of 21 days or less.
?
Metrorrhagia: uterine bleeding occurring at irregular intervals.
?
Hypomenorrhea: uterine bleeding that is regular but decreased in amount.
?
Intermenstrual bleeding: uterine bleeding, usually not excessive, occurring
at any time during the menstrual cycle other than during normal
menstruation.
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/menstrual-disorders Thu, 10 Sep 2009 11:06:35 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/menstrual-disorders Health & Fitness RECK-see-uh nur-VOH-suh), often
called anorexia, has an intense fear of
gaining weight. Someone with anorexia
thinks about food a lot and limits the
food she or he eats, even though she or
he is too thin. Anorexia is more than
just a problem with food. It's a way of
using food or starving oneself to feel more in control of life and to ease ten-
sion, anger, and anxiety. Most people
with anorexia are female.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/anorexia-nervosa Thu, 17 Sep 2009 04:54:05 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/anorexia-nervosa Health & Fitness behaviour that harms a person’s physical and psycho-
logical health (Whitney & Rolfes, 1999:282). Accord-
ing to many authors and researchers, including Fabian
and Thompson (1989), Neumark-Sztainer and Storey
(1998), McIntosh (1999:6), Kowalski (2000) and Field
et al (2001), eating disorders are a significant problem
among adolescents. Adolescence is the developmen-
tal stage between childhood and adulthood and starts
between the years 10 and 13 and ceases between 17
and 21 years (Thom et al, 1998:388). The female ado-
lescent develops a greater percentage body fat during
this stage and her body shape changes, which imme-
diately induces problems of self-image and phobias
about weight loss (Wardlaw, 1999:604; Kowalski,
2000; Whitney et al, 2001:276). Anorexia nervosa is
one of the eating disorders occurring in adolescence.
Fieldhouse (1995:188) contends that obesity and ano-
rexia nervosa are conditions that originate as a result
of, or can lead to abnormal food consumption pat-
terns that are totally separated from the actual physio-
logical needs.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/the-development-of-a-social-cognitive-model-for-a-better-understanding-of-the-female-adolescent-suffering-from-anorexia-nervosa Thu, 17 Sep 2009 19:57:02 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/the-development-of-a-social-cognitive-model-for-a-better-understanding-of-the-female-adolescent-suffering-from-anorexia-nervosa Health & Fitness by self-starvation and excessive weight loss.
Anorexia Nervosa
has four primary symptoms:
Resistance to maintaining body weight at or above a minimally normal weight
for age and height.
Intense fear of weight gain or being “fat,” even though underweight.
Disturbance in the experience of body weight or shape, undue influence of
weight or shape on self-evaluation, or denial of the seriousness of low body
weight.
Loss of menstrual periods in girls and women post-puberty.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/anorexia Thu, 17 Sep 2009 19:59:52 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/anorexia Health & Fitness or for friends and family of people with anorexia nervosa.
Anorexia nervosa, often abbreviated to anorexia, is an
eating disorder where people have an intense fear of
putting on weight. They severely limit the amount of
food they eat to reduce their body weight to an
unhealthily low level. Anorexia is most common in
teenage girls aged 13-19, although anyone can develop
the illness at any age.
Anorexia can be treated with psychotherapy and diet
advice but these are only effective if the person is ready
to get better. Untreated, anorexia can lead to serious
health problems.
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/anorexia-nervosa-health-factsheet Thu, 17 Sep 2009 20:03:49 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/anorexia-nervosa-health-factsheet Health & Fitness the individual refuses to keep her weight at least at a minimally
normal weight for her age and height. Not every thin person has
this illness but it should be remembered that one does not have to
be extremely skinny to suffer from anorexia nervosa.
Apart from weight loss itself, the person may have not gained weight appropriately
during the adolescent period of growth. Risk factors, as outlined later, are
sometimes present well before the actual weight loss occurs. It is recognized that
use of adult criteria for diagnosis may not always be appropriate for the younger
age group. In general, it is felt that the earlier anorexia nervosa is identified and
treated, the better the outcome is likely to be.
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/what-are-anorexia-nervosa-and-bulimia-nervosa Thu, 17 Sep 2009 20:32:03 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/what-are-anorexia-nervosa-and-bulimia-nervosa Health & Fitness potentially serious medical complications. These are
usually most severe in patients with anorexia nervosa
because of the complications attendant to starvation but
many can also be seen in patients with bulimia nervosa,
mainly attributed to the purging behaviors in which these
patients engage, including self-induced vomiting and
laxative abuse [1]. The purpose of this , article is to review
recent literature on the medical complications encoun-
tered in these patients.
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/medical-complications-of-anorexia-nervosa-and-bulimia-nervosa Thu, 17 Sep 2009 20:43:14 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/medical-complications-of-anorexia-nervosa-and-bulimia-nervosa Health & Fitness is one of the most common inherited disorders in the
man . It is the most frequent genetic cause of renal failure in adults, accounting for 10% of patients on
dialysis in United States . ADPKD is a multi systemic
3,4
and generally a progressive disorder characterized by
formation and generally a enlargement of renal cysts in
the kidney and other organs, liver, spleen and pancreas
etc . Due to autosomal inheritance, each off spring has
5
50% chance of inheriting the disorder . ADPKD is a
6,7
genetically heterogeneous condition with at least 3
genes involved as follows .]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/polycystic-kidney-disease Sun, 27 Sep 2009 21:33:05 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/polycystic-kidney-disease Health & Fitness results in chronic anovulation. These patients are often obese and frequently have insulin
resistance. They usually present with absent or irregular bleeding, mild hirsutism, and
frequently infertility. Their physical exam is frequently normal except for having a
weight in excess of their ideal body weight, oily skin, and increased body hair growth.
The main concern in providing care for these patients is the protection of the
endometrium from the effects of unopposed estrogen. These patients frequently develop
endometrial hyperplasia and are at much higher risk of the eventual development of
endometrial cancer. If the patient has had more that a year of anovulation, office
endometrial biopsy should be performed to evaluate for hyperplasia or cancer. The
patient with normal pathology should be cycled with monthly progesterone.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/disorders-of-the-ovary-and-fallopian-tube Thu, 01 Oct 2009 10:20:06 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/disorders-of-the-ovary-and-fallopian-tube Health & Fitness pressure, postnasal drip etc.) then a physical obstruction might be the cause.
Common structural causes of nasal congestion:
o Deviated septum
o External nasal deformity
o Turbinate Hypertrophy
o Nasal valve collapse
o Adenoid hypertrophy
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/nasal-and-sinus-disorders Thu, 08 Oct 2009 05:44:16 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/nasal-and-sinus-disorders Health & Fitness muscles are usually the first and most common complaints. Less common, but as important, are a
variety of rheumatic conditions that can occur including infectious complications such as infected joints
(septic arthritis), muscles (tropical myositis, and bones (osteomyelitis), psoriatic arthritis, reactive
arthritis, polymyositis (inflammation of muscles), fibromyalgia, lymphomas, and inflammation of blood
vessels (vasculitis).
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/hiv-associated-rheumatic-disease-syndromes Thu, 08 Oct 2009 06:29:41 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/hiv-associated-rheumatic-disease-syndromes Health & Fitness were admitted in different rheumatic wards at Shiraz general hospitals. Methods: In a cross-sectional survey using a
structured interview and DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4
th
ed.) criteria for sub-
stance dependence, 160 inpatients with rheumatic diseases selected randomly from general hospitals in Shiraz city. Re-
sults: A percentage of 39.4% (52.5% of men and 26.3% of women) reported the use of substance(s) once or more in
their lives. The majority (37.5%) used tobacco. None used cocaine or LSD. A percentage of 32.5% (43.8% of men
and 21.3% of women) were current substance users. The majority (31.3%) were nicotine users, and 6.9% were opium
users. The reported reasons for initial use of substance(s), in order of frequencies, were Enjoyment, Modeling (Imita-
tion) and Release of tension, and also for current users were, Habit, Enjoyment, Release of tension, Depression and
Need. Conclusions
:
Substance use was found to be higher among men than women. This is in contrast with findings in
the West, which indicate that lifetime substance use does not vary significantly by gender. In Iranian culture, people es-
pecially women dislike to smoke tobacco or opium, or take other illegal drugs, and this positive idea is probable expla-
nation of the difference. There was no report of cocaine or LSD use. Cultural attitudes toward substance use were
found to affect the type and amount of use. These findings can be considered when planning preventive programs (Ger-
man J Psychiatry 2005;8:66-69). ]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/substance-use-disorders-in-rheumatic-patients Thu, 08 Oct 2009 06:43:19 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/substance-use-disorders-in-rheumatic-patients Health & Fitness platelet function disorders, abnormal collagen (such
as in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome), and clotting factor
deficiencies, including a deficiency of von Willebrand
factor (VWF). Bleeding disorders may be acquired
or inherited. Mild inherited bleeding disorders are
common, while severe inherited bleeding disorders
are rare, affecting as few as one in 5,000 to one in
1,000,000 people [1] .
Hemophilia is the commonest severe bleeding disorder.
Hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency) and B (factor IX
deficiency) are X- linked disorders that together affect
one in 5,000 men. Women are affected as carriers of
hemophilia. Carriers may also have low factor levels
and experience significant bleeding symptoms [2].
In women, von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the
most common inherited bleeding disorder. VWD
and other inherited bleeding disorders are autosomal
disorders and equally likely to affect women and
men. Two large prospective epidemiological studies
reported a 0.8-1.3% prevalence of mild VWD in the
general population [3, 4]. However, women are
more likely to be symptomatic due to the bleeding
challenges of menstruation and childbirth. This
monograph will review the common obstetric and
gynecological challenges in women with bleeding
disorders and their management.
]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/reproductive-health-in-women-with-bleeding-disorders Thu, 29 Oct 2009 09:45:56 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/reproductive-health-in-women-with-bleeding-disorders Health & Fitness Fatigue and lack of motivation
Fatigue and a disorder of motivation, adynamia, typically arise after injury to the frontal
lobes, particularly in the dorso-lateral area.
Fatigue is a very common outcome after acquiring a brain injury due to the many tiny sites of damage throughout the
brain. It is different to the yawning and sleepy feeling of normal fatigue. This type fogs the mind, drains all energy,
dampens movement and sleep may do little to reduce it.
People with adynamia will experience loss of drive, indifference and placidity. There is usually
slowed mental function, a marked decrease in ideas and activity is rarely self-initiated. There is often not only a
verbal reminder needed to start a task, but further reminders required throughout the task.
It is easy to see how family members could get frustrated in these situations unless they
fully understand the impact of adynamia.]]> http://pdfcast.org/pdf/fatigue-and-lack-of-motivation Fri, 30 Oct 2009 09:28:28 -0400 http://pdfcast.org/pdf/fatigue-and-lack-of-motivation Health & Fitness